Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
J Hazard Mater. 2013 Dec 15;263 Pt 2:322-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.071. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
Copper (Cu(2+)) containing wastewaters are extensively released from different industries and its excessive entry into food chains results in serious health impairments, carcinogenicity and mutagenesis in various living systems. An array of technologies is in use to remediate Cu(2+) from wastewaters. Adsorption is the most attractive option due to the availability of cost effective, sustainable and eco-friendly bioadsorbents. The current review is dedicated to presenting state of the art knowledge on various bioadsorbents and physico-chemical conditions used to remediate Cu(2+) from waste streams. The advantages and constraints of various adsorbents were also discussed. The literature revealed the maximum Cu adsorption capacities of various bioadsorbents in the order of algae>agricultural and forest>fungal>bacterial>activated carbon>yeast. However, based on the average Cu adsorption capacity, the arrangement can be: activated carbon>algal>bacterial>agriculture and forest-derived>fungal>yeast biomass. The data of Cu removal using these bioadsorbents were found best fit both Freundlich and Langmuir models. Agriculture and forest derived bioadsorbents have greater potential for Cu removal because of higher uptake, cheaper nature, bulk availability and mono to multilayer adsorption behavior. Higher costs at the biomass transformation stage and decreasing efficiency with desorption cycles are the major constraints to implement this technology.
含铜（Cu(2+)）废水广泛存在于不同行业中，其大量进入食物链会对各种生物系统造成严重的健康损害、致癌性和致突变性。目前已有多种技术可用于从废水中去除 Cu(2+)。由于具有成本效益高、可持续和环保的生物吸附剂，吸附法是最具吸引力的选择。本综述旨在介绍各种生物吸附剂的最新知识以及用于从废水中去除 Cu(2+)的物理化学条件。还讨论了各种吸附剂的优缺点。文献表明，各种生物吸附剂对 Cu 的最大吸附容量顺序为藻类>农业和林业>真菌>细菌>活性炭>酵母。然而，根据平均 Cu 吸附容量，排列顺序可以是：活性炭>藻类>细菌>农业和林业衍生>真菌>酵母生物质。使用这些生物吸附剂去除 Cu 的数据最符合 Freundlich 和 Langmuir 模型。由于具有更高的吸附量、更廉价、大量供应和单分子到多层吸附行为，农业和林业衍生的生物吸附剂具有更大的 Cu 去除潜力。在生物质转化阶段的成本较高和解吸循环效率降低是实施该技术的主要限制。
