Cortes Ortega Jorge Alberto, Hernández-Montelongo Jacobo, Hernández-Montelongo Rosaura, Alvarado Mendoza Abraham Gabriel
Department of Chemistry, University Center of Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán #1421, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico.
Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Catholic University of Temuco, Av. Rudecindo Ortega #2959, Temuco 4813302, Chile.
Gels. 2023 Aug 30;9(9):702. doi: 10.3390/gels9090702.
Adsorption is one of the most crucial processes in water treatment today. It offers a low-cost solution that does not require specialized equipment or state-of-the-art technology while efficiently removing dissolved contaminants, including heavy metals. This process allows for the utilization of natural or artificial adsorbents or a combination of both. In this context, polymeric materials play a fundamental role, as they enable the development of adsorbent materials using biopolymers and synthetic polymers. The latter can be used multiple times and can absorb large amounts of water per gram of polymer. This paper focuses on utilizing adsorption through hydrogels composed of poly(acrylamide-co-itaconic acid) for removing Cu ions dissolved in aqueous media in a semi-continuous process. The synthesized hydrogels were first immersed in 0.1 M NaOH aqueous solutions, enabling OH ions to enter the gel matrix and incorporate into the polymer surface. Consequently, the copper ions were recovered as Cu(OH) on the surface of the hydrogel rather than within it, allowing the solid precipitates to be easily separated by decantation. Remarkably, the hydrogels demonstrated an impressive 98% removal efficiency of the ions from the solution in unstirred conditions at 30 °C within 48 h. A subsequent study involved a serial process, demonstrating the hydrogels' reusability for up to eight cycles while maintaining their Cu2+ ion recovery capacity above 80%. Additionally, these hydrogels showcased their capability to remove Cu ions even from media with ion concentrations below 100 ppm.
吸附是当今水处理中最关键的过程之一。它提供了一种低成本的解决方案，不需要专门的设备或最先进的技术，同时能有效去除包括重金属在内的溶解污染物。这个过程可以使用天然或人工吸附剂，也可以两者结合使用。在这种情况下，聚合物材料起着至关重要的作用，因为它们能够利用生物聚合物和合成聚合物开发吸附材料。合成聚合物可以多次使用，每克聚合物能吸收大量的水。本文重点研究了通过由聚（丙烯酰胺 - 衣康酸）组成的水凝胶进行吸附，以半连续过程去除溶解在水介质中的铜离子。合成的水凝胶首先浸入0.1 M的氢氧化钠水溶液中，使氢氧根离子进入凝胶基质并结合到聚合物表面。因此，铜离子在水凝胶表面以氢氧化铜的形式回收，而不是在其内部，这样固体沉淀物可以通过倾析轻松分离。值得注意的是，在30°C的未搅拌条件下，水凝胶在48小时内对溶液中离子的去除效率高达98%。随后的一项研究涉及一个连续过程，证明了水凝胶可重复使用多达八个循环，同时保持其对铜离子的回收能力高于80%。此外，这些水凝胶甚至能够从离子浓度低于100 ppm的介质中去除铜离子。
