Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven 3000, Belgium; VIB, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Cell Metab. 2013 Nov 5;18(5):634-47. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.08.001. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
Endothelial cells (ECs) are quiescent for years but can plastically switch to angiogenesis. Vascular sprouting relies on the coordinated activity of migrating tip cells at the forefront and proliferating stalk cells that elongate the sprout. Past studies have identified genetic signals that control vascular branching. Prominent are VEGF, activating tip cells, and Notch, which stimulates stalk cells. After the branch is formed and perfused, ECs become quiescent phalanx cells. Now, emerging evidence has accumulated indicating that ECs not only adapt their metabolism when switching from quiescence to sprouting but also that metabolism regulates vascular sprouting in parallel to the control by genetic signals.
内皮细胞（ECs）在数年内处于静止状态，但可以通过可塑性转变为血管生成。血管发芽依赖于前沿迁移的尖端细胞和伸长芽的增殖的细胞的协调活动。过去的研究已经确定了控制血管分支的遗传信号。突出的是 VEGF，它激活尖端细胞，而 Notch 则刺激茎细胞。分支形成并灌注后，EC 成为静止的指状细胞。现在，越来越多的证据表明，EC 在从静止状态转变为发芽状态时不仅会调整其代谢，而且代谢与遗传信号的控制平行调节血管发芽。
