Fulford K W
University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford.
Br J Psychiatry. 1990 Jul;157:111-5. doi: 10.1192/bjp.157.1.111.
Three aspects of the approach to philosophy advocated by the Oxford philosopher J. L. Austin are outlined: his conception of the nature of philosophical problems, essentially as a mixed bag; his method of linguistic analysis, namely, clarification of our concepts by active observation of the ways in which they are actually used rather than by passive reflection on their meanings; and his views on the organisation of philosophical research, that in some areas it should be pursued rather as a science is pursued, as a corporate rather than merely individual venture. It is suggested that Austin's approach provides the basis for a potentially fruitful two-way relationship between philosophical theory and medical practice.
牛津大学哲学家J. L. 奥斯汀所倡导的哲学研究方法的三个方面被概述如下：他对哲学问题本质的概念，本质上是一个大杂烩；他的语言分析方法，即通过积极观察概念的实际使用方式而非被动思考其含义来澄清我们的概念；以及他对哲学研究组织的看法，即在某些领域，哲学研究应该像科学研究一样，作为一项集体事业而非仅仅是个人的冒险来进行。有人认为，奥斯汀的方法为哲学理论与医学实践之间潜在的富有成效的双向关系提供了基础。
