National Radiation Protection Institute (SÚRO), 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
J Environ Radioact. 2013 Dec;126:92-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.07.016. Epub 2013 Aug 23.
Following the Fukushima accident, a series of aerosol samples were taken between 24th March and 13th April 2011 by cascade impactors in the Czech Republic to obtain the size distribution of (131)I, (134)Cs, (137)Cs, and (7)Be aerosols. All distributions could be considered monomodal. The arithmetic means of the activity median aerodynamic diameters (AMADs) for artificial radionuclides and for (7)Be were 0.43 and 0.41 μm with GDSs 3.6 and 3.0, respectively. The time course of the AMADs of (134)Cs, (137)Cs and (7)Be in the sampled period showed a slight decrease at a significance level of 0.05, whereas the AMAD pertaining to (131)I increased at a significance level of 0.1. Results obtained after the Fukushima accident were compared with results obtained after the Chernobyl accident. The radionuclides released during the Chernobyl accident for which we determined the AMAD fell into two categories: refractory radionuclides ((140)Ba, (140)La (141)Ce, (144)Ce, (95)Zr and (95)Nb) and volatile radionuclides ((134)Cs, (137)Cs, (103)Ru, (106)Ru, (131)I, and (132)Te). The AMAD of the refractory radionuclides was approximately 3 times higher than the AMAD of the volatile radionuclides; nevertheless, the size distributions for volatile radionuclides having a mean AMAD value of 0.51 μm were very close to the distributions after the Fukushima accident.
福岛事故后，捷克于 2011 年 3 月 24 日至 4 月 13 日之间通过级联撞击器采集了一系列气溶胶样本，以获得（131）I、（134）Cs、（137）Cs 和（7）Be 气溶胶的粒径分布。所有分布都可以被认为是单峰的。人工放射性核素和（7）Be 的活性中值空气动力学直径（AMAD）的算术平均值分别为 0.43μm 和 0.41μm，GSD 分别为 3.6 和 3.0。在所采样的时间段内，（134）Cs、（137）Cs 和（7）Be 的 AMAD 的时间变化表现出略微的下降，在 0.05 的显著水平下，而与（131）I 相关的 AMAD 则在 0.1 的显著水平下增加。福岛事故后获得的结果与切尔诺贝利事故后获得的结果进行了比较。我们确定了 AMAD 的切尔诺贝利事故释放的放射性核素分为两类：难熔放射性核素（（140）Ba、（140）La、（141）Ce、（144）Ce、（95）Zr 和（95）Nb）和挥发性放射性核素（（134）Cs、（137）Cs、（103）Ru、（106）Ru、（131）I 和（132）Te）。难熔放射性核素的 AMAD 大约是挥发性放射性核素的 AMAD 的 3 倍；然而，具有 0.51μm 平均 AMAD 值的挥发性放射性核素的粒径分布与福岛事故后的分布非常接近。
