Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, 1001 SWKT, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Neuropsychol Rev. 2013 Sep;23(3):169-209. doi: 10.1007/s11065-013-9237-2. Epub 2013 Aug 24.
Reviewed herein are contemporary neuroimaging methods that detect abnormalities associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Despite advances in demonstrating underlying neuropathology in a subset of individuals who sustain mTBI, considerable disagreement persists in neuropsychology about mTBI outcome and metrics for evaluation. This review outlines a thesis for the select use of sensitive neuroimaging methods as potential biomarkers of brain injury recognizing that the majority of individuals who sustain an mTBI recover without neuroimaging signs or neuropsychological sequelae detected with methods currently applied. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides several measures that could serve as mTBI biomarkers including the detection of hemosiderin and white matter abnormalities, assessment of white matter integrity derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and quantitative measures that directly assess neuroanatomy. Improved prediction of neuropsychological outcomes in mTBI may be achieved with the use of targeted neuroimaging markers.
本文回顾了用于检测与轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）相关异常的当代神经影像学方法。尽管在一定程度上能够证明某些发生 mTBI 的个体存在潜在的神经病理学变化，但在神经心理学方面，对于 mTBI 结果和评估指标仍存在相当大的分歧。本综述概述了一种观点，即选择使用敏感的神经影像学方法作为脑损伤的潜在生物标志物，这是因为大多数发生 mTBI 的个体在没有神经影像学迹象或神经心理学后遗症的情况下康复，而这些后遗症目前是通过应用方法检测到的。磁共振成像（MRI）提供了几种可能作为 mTBI 生物标志物的方法，包括检测含铁血黄素和白质异常、评估来自弥散张量成像（DTI）的白质完整性，以及直接评估神经解剖结构的定量测量。通过使用有针对性的神经影像学标志物，可以更准确地预测 mTBI 的神经心理学结果。
