Kirsch Wladimir, Kunde Wilfried
Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070, Würzburg, Germany,
Psychol Res. 2014 Sep;78(5):705-20. doi: 10.1007/s00426-013-0512-x. Epub 2013 Aug 22.
The present study examined if and how the direction of planned hand movements affects the perceived direction of visual stimuli. In three experiments participants prepared hand movements that deviated regarding direction ("Experiment 1" and "2") or distance relative to a visual target position ("Experiment 3"). Before actual execution of the movement, the direction of the visual stimulus had to be estimated by means of a method of adjustment. The perception of stimulus direction was biased away from planned movement direction, such that with leftward movements stimuli appeared somewhat more rightward than with rightward movements. Control conditions revealed that this effect was neither a mere response bias, nor a result of processing or memorizing movement cues. Also, shifting the focus of attention toward a cued location in space was not sufficient to induce the perceptual bias observed under conditions of movement preparation ("Experiment 4"). These results confirm that characteristics of planned actions bias visual perception, with the direction of bias (contrast or assimilation) possibly depending on the type of the representations (categorical or metric) involved.
本研究考察了计划中的手部动作方向是否以及如何影响视觉刺激的感知方向。在三个实验中，参与者准备了在方向上（“实验1”和“2”）或相对于视觉目标位置的距离上（“实验3”）存在偏差的手部动作。在实际执行动作之前，必须通过调整法来估计视觉刺激的方向。刺激方向的感知偏离了计划的动作方向，以至于向左移动时，刺激看起来比向右移动时稍微更偏右一些。控制条件表明，这种效应既不是单纯的反应偏差，也不是处理或记忆动作线索的结果。此外，将注意力焦点转移到空间中的提示位置不足以诱发在动作准备条件下观察到的感知偏差（“实验4”）。这些结果证实，计划动作的特征会使视觉感知产生偏差，偏差的方向（对比或同化）可能取决于所涉及的表征类型（分类或度量）。
