Bélanger Nathalie N, Rayner Keith
Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego.
Vis cogn. 2013 Jan 1;21(4):477-497. doi: 10.1080/13506285.2013.804016.
The illiteracy rate in the deaf population has been alarmingly high for several decades, despite the fact that deaf children go through the standard stages of schooling. Much research addressing this issue has focused on word-level processes, but in the recent years, little research has focused on sentence-levels processes. Previous research (Fischler, 1985) investigated word integration within context in college-level deaf and hearing readers in a lexical decision task following incomplete sentences with targets that were congruous or incongruous relative to the preceding context; it was found that deaf readers, as a group, were more dependent on contextual information than their hearing counterparts. The present experiment extended Fischler's results and investigated the relationship between frequency, predictability, and reading skill in skilled hearing, skilled deaf, and less-skilled deaf readers. Results suggest that only less-skilled deaf readers, and not all deaf readers, rely more on contextual cues to boost word processing. Additionally, early effects of frequency and predictability were found for all three groups of readers, without any evidence for an interaction between frequency and predictability.
几十年来，聋人群体的文盲率一直高得惊人，尽管聋童也经历了标准的学校教育阶段。许多针对这个问题的研究都集中在单词层面的过程上，但近年来，很少有研究关注句子层面的过程。之前的研究（菲施勒，1985年）在一项词汇判断任务中，调查了大学水平的聋人和听力正常的读者在完成包含与前文语境相符或不符目标词的不完整句子后，单词在语境中的整合情况；结果发现，作为一个群体，聋人读者比听力正常的读者更依赖语境信息。本实验扩展了菲施勒的研究结果，并调查了熟练的听力正常读者、熟练的聋人读者和不太熟练的聋人读者在词频、可预测性和阅读技能之间的关系。结果表明，只有不太熟练的聋人读者，而不是所有聋人读者，更依赖语境线索来促进单词处理。此外，在所有三组读者中都发现了词频和可预测性的早期影响，没有任何证据表明词频和可预测性之间存在相互作用。
