Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2011 Apr;37(2):514-28. doi: 10.1037/a0020990.
Eye movements were monitored as subjects read sentences containing high- or low-predictable target words. The extent to which target words were predictable from prior context was varied: Half of the target words were predictable, and the other half were unpredictable. In addition, the length of the target word varied: The target words were short (4-6 letters), medium (7-9 letters), or long (10-12 letters). Length and predictability both yielded strong effects on the probability of skipping the target words and on the amount of time readers fixated the target words (when they were not skipped). However, there was no interaction in any of the measures examined for either skipping or fixation time. The results demonstrate that word predictability (due to contextual constraint) and word length have strong and independent influences on word skipping and fixation durations. Furthermore, because the long words extended beyond the word identification span, the data indicate that skipping can occur on the basis of partial information in relation to word identity.
当被试阅读包含高或低可预测目标词的句子时，会监测他们的眼球运动。目标词从先前的语境中可预测的程度是不同的：一半的目标词是可预测的，另一半是不可预测的。此外，目标词的长度也不同：目标词短（4-6 个字母）、中（7-9 个字母）或长（10-12 个字母）。长度和可预测性都对目标词跳过的概率和读者注视目标词的时间（当目标词未被跳过时）产生了强烈的影响。然而，在任何一个被检查的跳过或固定时间的措施中都没有交互作用。结果表明，单词的可预测性（由于上下文的限制）和单词的长度对单词的跳过和固定持续时间有强烈的、独立的影响。此外，由于长单词超出了单词识别范围，数据表明，跳过可以基于与单词身份相关的部分信息发生。
