Center for Educational Science and Psychology, University of Tübingen.
Department of Human Development and Department of Psychology, Cornell University.
Dev Psychol. 2014 Mar;50(3):683-98. doi: 10.1037/a0034239. Epub 2013 Aug 26.
Based on the social investment principle and theories of social relationship differentiation, the present study was conducted to investigate whether personality differences in high school predict young adults' living arrangements (with roommates or a romantic partner, alone, or staying with parents) 2 years later (selection) and whether these different social contexts provoke long-term personality changes (socialization). Using data from a 3-wave longitudinal study of 8,052 high school graduates in Germany, multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed substantial selection effects of the Big Five traits on living arrangements. Propensity score matching was applied to provide a strong test of the socialization effects of these living arrangements. Young adults who lived with roommates showed increases in Openness but the smallest increases in Conscientiousness. Living with a romantic partner was the most beneficial arrangement for the development of Conscientiousness. These results highlight the importance of social contexts for personality development in young adulthood.
基于社会投资原则和社会关系分化理论，本研究旨在探讨高中时期的人格差异是否能预测 2 年后年轻人的居住安排（与室友或恋人同住、独居或与父母同住）（选择），以及这些不同的社会环境是否会引发长期的人格变化（社会化）。本研究使用了来自德国一项对 8052 名高中毕业生进行的 3 波纵向研究的数据，通过多项逻辑回归分析发现，大五人格特质对居住安排有显著的选择效应。倾向评分匹配被用来对这些居住安排的社会化效应进行强有力的检验。与室友同住的年轻人在开放性上表现出了增长，但在尽责性上的增长最小。与恋人同住是对尽责性发展最有益的安排。这些结果强调了社会环境对年轻人个性发展的重要性。
