Goodnight Jackson A, Bates John E, Holtzworth-Munroe Amy, Pettit Gregory S, Ballard Robin H, Iskander Jeannette M, Swanson Anna, Dodge Kenneth A, Lansford Jennifer E
Department of Psychology, University of Dayton.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2017 Oct;85(10):950-965. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000226. Epub 2017 Jul 13.
From a developmental systems perspective, the origins of maladjusted behavior are multifaceted, interdependent, and may differ at different points in development. Personality traits influence developmental outcomes, as do socialization environments, but the influence of personality depends on the socialization environment, and the influence of the socialization environment varies according to personality. The present study takes a developmental systems approach to investigate pathways through which dispositional traits in childhood might act in concert with peer and parental socialization contexts to predict trajectories of intimate partner aggression (IPA) during emerging adulthood.
The study included 466 participants (49% male, 81% European American, 15% African American) from a longitudinal study of social development. Measures of demographics, temperament, personality, parent-child relations, romantic relationships, peer relationships, and IPA were administered between 5 and 23 years of age. The study used latent growth curve analysis to predict variations in trajectories of IPA during early adulthood.
Numerous variables predicted risk for the perpetration of IPA, but different factors were associated at the end of adolescence (e.g., psychopathic traits) than with changes across early adulthood (e.g., friend antisociality). Males and individuals with a history of resistance to control temperament showed enhanced susceptibility to social risk factors, such as exposure to antisocial peers and poor parent-adolescent relations.
Consistent with a developmental systems perspective, multiple factors, including personality traits in early childhood and aspects of the social environment in adolescence, predict trajectories of IPA during early adulthood through additive, mediated, and moderated pathways. Knowledge of these risk factors and for whom they are most influential could help inform efforts to prevent the emergence and persistence of IPA. (PsycINFO Database Record
从发展系统的角度来看，适应不良行为的起源是多方面的、相互依存的，并且在发展的不同阶段可能有所不同。人格特质会影响发展结果，社会化环境也是如此，但人格的影响取决于社会化环境，而社会化环境的影响会因人格的不同而有所变化。本研究采用发展系统方法来探究童年时期的性格特质可能与同伴及父母的社会化环境协同作用，以预测成年早期亲密伴侣攻击行为（IPA）轨迹的途径。
该研究纳入了466名参与者（49%为男性，81%为欧裔美国人，15%为非裔美国人），他们来自一项社会发展纵向研究。在5至23岁之间对人口统计学、气质、人格、亲子关系、恋爱关系、同伴关系和IPA进行了测量。该研究使用潜在增长曲线分析来预测成年早期IPA轨迹的变化。
许多变量预测了实施IPA的风险，但在青春期结束时相关的因素（如精神病态特质）与成年早期变化过程中相关的因素（如朋友的反社会行为）不同。男性以及有抗拒控制气质史的个体对社会风险因素的易感性增强，例如接触反社会同伴和不良的亲子关系。
与发展系统观点一致，多个因素，包括童年早期的人格特质和青春期社会环境的各个方面，通过累加、中介和调节途径预测成年早期的IPA轨迹。了解这些风险因素以及它们对谁最有影响，有助于为预防IPA的出现和持续存在的努力提供信息。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
