Cheng Hoi Lun, O'Connor Helen, Kay Shelley, Cook Rebecca, Parker Helen, Orr Rhonda
Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia.
Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2014 Sep;17(5):546-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.07.020. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
To comprehensively describe anthropometric characteristics of Australian junior elite rugby league players and assess potential anthropometric dissimilarities between players of varying positional groups, ethnicity (Polynesian vs. non-Polynesian) and playing level (junior vs. professional; using published data from Australian professional players).
Cross-sectional study.
Height, body mass, eight skinfolds, five girths and two bone breadths were measured with body fat (BF%) and somatotype calculated using population-appropriate equations.
mean ± SD.
This study recruited 116 junior players. Mean age, mass and BF% were 17 ± 1 y, 87.0 ± 11.6 kg and 14.0 ± 4.6% respectively. Compared to backs, forwards had greater mass (92.6 ± 12.2 vs. 80.9 ± 7.1 kg), skinfolds, girths, femur breadth, BF% (16.1 ± 4.8% vs. 11.8 ± 3.2%) (all p<0.01), and were more endo- and mesomorphic, but less ectomorphic (all p<0.001). Compared to other positional groups, props had greater mass, adiposity, calf girth and endomorphy, while adjustables (fullbacks, five-eighths, halfbacks, hookers) had the shortest stature (all p<0.01). Polynesians exhibited greater height (181.0 ± 5.7 vs. 178.7 ± 6.3 cm), mass (90.6 ± 11.7 vs. 84.7 ± 11.1 kg), arm and calf girths, bone breadths and mesomorphy (7.6 ± 1.2 vs. 6.7 ± 1.1) than non-Polynesians (all p<0.05). Juniors had lower height, mass, waist and smaller sum of skinfolds than professional players (all p<0.05).
Greater mass, mesomorphy, adiposity and bone size in forwards is desirable for tackling and attacking and may protect against high impact forces sustained in this position. Advantageous anthropometric attributes exhibited in Polynesian players may influence selection into junior elite rugby league teams. Anthropometric data from this study may assist other junior players and coaches with training, dietary modification and position allocation.
全面描述澳大利亚青少年精英橄榄球联盟球员的人体测量特征，并评估不同位置组、种族（波利尼西亚人与非波利尼西亚人）和比赛水平（青少年与职业球员；使用澳大利亚职业球员的已发表数据）的球员之间潜在的人体测量差异。
横断面研究。
测量身高、体重、8个皮褶厚度、5个围度和2个骨宽度，并使用适合人群的公式计算体脂率（BF%）和体型。
均值±标准差。
本研究招募了116名青少年球员。平均年龄、体重和BF%分别为17±1岁、87.0±11.6千克和14.0±4.6%。与后卫相比，前锋的体重更大（92.6±12.2千克对80.9±7.1千克）、皮褶厚度、围度、股骨宽度、BF%更高（16.1±4.8%对11.8±3.2%）（均p<0.01），并且更倾向于内胚层和中胚层体型，但外胚层体型较少（均p<0.001）。与其他位置组相比，前排球员的体重、肥胖程度、小腿围度和内胚层体型更大，而可调整位置的球员（边后卫、五号中卫、半场后卫、钩球员）身高最矮（均p<0.01）。波利尼西亚人比非波利尼西亚人身高更高（181.0±5.7厘米对178.7±6.3厘米）、体重更大（90.6±11.7千克对84.7±11.1千克）、手臂和小腿围度、骨宽度以及中胚层体型更明显（7.6±1.2对6.7±1.1）（均p<0.05）。青少年球员的身高、体重、腰围和皮褶厚度总和低于职业球员（均p<0.05）。
前锋更大的体重、中胚层体型、肥胖程度和骨骼尺寸有利于擒抱和进攻，并且可能抵御该位置承受的高冲击力。波利尼西亚球员表现出的有利人体测量属性可能会影响其入选青少年精英橄榄球联盟球队。本研究的人体测量数据可能有助于其他青少年球员和教练进行训练、饮食调整和位置分配。
