International Studies and Institute of Public Service, Seattle University, 901 12th Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA,
Environ Manage. 2013 Nov;52(5):1103-14. doi: 10.1007/s00267-013-0156-z. Epub 2013 Aug 25.
Despite debate regarding whether, and in what form, communities need external support for adaptation to environmental change, few studies have examined how external funding impacts adaptation decisions in rural resource-dependent communities. In this article, we use quantitative and qualitative methods to assess how different funding sources influence the initiative to adapt to water scarcity in the Colombian Andes. We compare efforts to adapt to water scarcity in 111 rural Andean communities with varied dependence on external funding for water management activities. Findings suggest that despite efforts to use their own internal resources, communities often need external support to finance adaptation strategies. However, not all external financial support positively impacts a community's abilities to adapt. Results show the importance of community-driven requests for external support. In cases where external support was unsolicited, the results show a decline, or "crowding-out," in community efforts to adapt. In contrast, in cases where communities initiated the request for external support to fund their own projects, findings show that external intervention is more likely to enhance or "crowds-in" community-driven adaptation.
尽管关于社区是否需要以及以何种形式需要外部支持来适应环境变化存在争议，但很少有研究探讨外部资金如何影响农村资源依赖型社区的适应决策。在本文中，我们使用定量和定性方法来评估不同的资金来源如何影响哥伦比亚安第斯山区应对水资源短缺的主动性。我们比较了 111 个农村安第斯社区在应对水资源短缺方面的努力，这些社区在水资源管理活动方面对外界资金的依赖程度各不相同。研究结果表明，尽管社区努力利用自身内部资源，但为了资助适应战略，它们往往需要外部支持。然而，并非所有外部财政支持都能积极地促进社区适应能力。研究结果表明，社区驱动的外部支持请求非常重要。在外部支持未经请求的情况下，社区适应努力会减少，即“排挤效应”。相比之下，在社区主动请求外部支持来资助自己的项目的情况下，研究结果表明，外部干预更有可能增强或“引入”社区驱动的适应。
