Department of Oncology, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, CRB1 building, room 186, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA,
Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2013 Dec;8(4):351-60. doi: 10.1007/s11899-013-0172-3.
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) include a diverse group of clonal hematopoietic disorders characterized by progressive cytopenias and propensity for leukemic progression. The biologic heterogeneity that underlies MDS translates clinically in wide variations of clinical outcomes. Several prognostic schemes were developed to predict the natural course of MDS, counsel patients, and allow evidence-based, risk-adaptive implementation of therapeutic strategies. The prognostic schemes divide patients into subgroups with similar prognosis, but the extent to which the prognostic prediction applies to any individual patient is more variable. None of these instruments was designed to predict the clinical benefit in relation to any specific MDS therapy. The prognostic impact of molecular mutations is being more recognized and attempts at incorporating it into the current prognostic schemes are ongoing.
骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）包括一组异质性克隆性造血疾病，其特征为进行性血细胞减少和向白血病转化的倾向。MDS 所具有的生物学异质性在临床上表现为临床结局的广泛变化。已经制定了几种预后方案来预测 MDS 的自然病程，为患者提供咨询，并允许基于证据的、适应风险的治疗策略的实施。这些预后方案将患者分为具有相似预后的亚组，但这些预后预测在多大程度上适用于任何个体患者的变化更大。这些工具都不是为了预测与任何特定 MDS 治疗相关的临床获益而设计的。分子突变的预后影响越来越受到重视，目前正在尝试将其纳入现有的预后方案中。
