Bodoriková Silvia, Tibenská Kristína Domonkosová, Katina Stanislav, Uhrová Petra, Dörnhöferová Michaela, Takács Michal, Urminský Jozef
Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Anthropology, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Anthropol Anz. 2013;70(2):229-48. doi: 10.1127/0003-5548/2013/0256.
The aim of the study was to determine the diet of an historical human population using the trace elements in dental tissues and dental buccal microwear. Although 38 individuals had been buried in the cemetery, preservation of the remains did not allow analysis of all of them. A total of 13 individuals were analysed, of which the samples for trace-element analysis consisted of 12 permanent premolars from 12 individuals. Buccal microwear was studied in a sample of nine teeth from nine individuals. Both trace-element and microwear analyses were performed on eight individuals. All analyzed teeth were intact, with fully developed roots, without dental calculus and macro-abrasion. Concentrations of Sr, Zn, and Ca, and their ratios, were used to determine the relative proportions of plant and animal protein in the diet. Samples were analyzed using optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. The values of the Sr and Zn concentrations indicate that a diet of the investigated population was of a mixed character with approximately the same proportion of plants and meat in their food. Buccal microwear was studied in molds ofbuccal surfaces and observed at 100x magnification with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Length and orientation of striations were determined with the SigmaScan Pro 5.0 image analysis program. The results obtained from microwear analysis correspond with those from trace-element analysis and showed that the population consumed a mixed diet. The density of the scratches indicates that the diet contained a considerable vegetable component. The high number of vertical scratches and their high average length suggest that individuals also consumed a large portion of meat. The results of both analyses showed that there were also individuals whose diet had probably been poor, i.e. richer in animal protein, which probably could be related to their health or social status in the population.
本研究的目的是利用牙齿组织中的微量元素和牙齿颊面微磨损情况来确定一个历史时期人类群体的饮食。尽管有38人被埋葬在该墓地，但遗体的保存状况不允许对所有人进行分析。总共分析了13个人，其中用于微量元素分析的样本包括来自12个人的12颗恒前磨牙。对来自9个人的9颗牙齿样本进行了颊面微磨损研究。对8个人同时进行了微量元素和微磨损分析。所有分析的牙齿均完好无损，牙根完全发育，无牙结石和明显磨损。锶、锌和钙的浓度及其比例被用于确定饮食中植物蛋白和动物蛋白的相对比例。使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对样本进行分析。锶和锌浓度的值表明，被调查群体的饮食具有混合特征，其食物中植物和肉类的比例大致相同。在颊面模型上研究颊面微磨损，并使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）在100倍放大倍数下进行观察。用SigmaScan Pro 5.0图像分析程序确定条纹的长度和方向。微磨损分析得到的结果与微量元素分析结果一致，表明该群体食用混合饮食。划痕密度表明饮食中含有相当多的蔬菜成分。垂直划痕数量多且平均长度长，表明个体也食用了大量肉类。两项分析的结果都表明，也有一些人的饮食可能较差，即动物蛋白含量较高，这可能与他们在群体中的健康状况或社会地位有关。
