乙醇对大鼠在多重强化程序下的强化变化和重复行为的影响。
Effects of ethanol on reinforced variations and repetitions by rats under a multiple schedule.
作者信息
Cohen L, Neuringer A, Rhodes D
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1990 Jul;54(1):1-12. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1990.54-1.
Abstract
Response sequences emitted by five Long-Evans rats were reinforced under a two-component multiple schedule. In the REPEAT component, food pellets were contingent upon completion of a left-left-right-right (LLRR) sequence on two levers. In the VARY component, pellets were contingent upon variable sequences (i.e., a sequence was reinforced only if it differed from each of the previous five sequences). The rats learned to emit LLRR sequences in the REPEAT component and variable sequences in VARY. Intraperitoneal injections of ethanol (1.25, 1.75, and 2.25 g/kg) significantly increased sequence variability in REPEAT, thereby lowering reinforcement probability, but had little effect on sequence variability in the VARY component. These results extend previous findings that alcohol impairs the performance of reinforced repetitions but not of reinforced variations in response sequences.
摘要
在双成分多重强化程序下，对五只Long-Evans大鼠发出的反应序列进行强化。在“重复”成分中，当在两个杠杆上完成左右左右（LLRR）序列时给予食丸。在“变化”成分中，食丸取决于可变序列（即，只有当一个序列与前五个序列中的每一个都不同时才给予强化）。大鼠学会在“重复”成分中发出LLRR序列，在“变化”成分中发出可变序列。腹腔注射乙醇（1.25、1.75和2.25克/千克）显著增加了“重复”成分中的序列变异性，从而降低了强化概率，但对“变化”成分中的序列变异性影响很小。这些结果扩展了先前的研究发现，即酒精会损害强化重复的表现，但不会损害反应序列中强化变化的表现。
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