Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
J Neural Eng. 2013 Oct;10(5):056016. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/10/5/056016. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
We aim to evaluate the suitability of four electrodes previously used in clinical experiments for peripheral nerve electrical block applications.
We evaluated peripheral nerve electrical block using three such clinical nerve cuff electrodes (the Huntington helix, the Case self-sizing Spiral and the flat interface nerve electrode) and one clinical intramuscular electrode (the Memberg electrode) in five cats. Amplitude thresholds for the block using 12 or 25 kHz voltage-controlled stimulation, onset response, and stimulation thresholds before and after block testing were determined.
Complete nerve block was achieved reliably and the onset response to blocking stimulation was similar for all electrodes. Amplitude thresholds for the block were lowest for the Case Spiral electrode (4 ± 1 Vpp) and lower for the nerve cuff electrodes (7 ± 3 Vpp) than for the intramuscular electrode (26 ± 10 Vpp). A minor elevation in stimulation threshold and reduction in stimulus-evoked urethral pressure was observed during testing, but the effect was temporary and did not vary between electrodes.
Multiple clinical electrodes appear suitable for neuroprostheses using peripheral nerve electrical block. The freedom to choose electrodes based on secondary criteria such as ease of implantation or cost should ease translation of electrical nerve block to clinical practice.
评估先前在临床实验中使用的四个电极用于周围神经电阻断应用的适用性。
我们在五只猫中评估了三种临床神经袖带电极（亨廷顿螺旋、凯斯自调式螺旋和平面接口神经电极）和一种临床肌内电极（门格电极）的周围神经电阻断。使用 12 或 25 kHz 电压控制刺激来确定阻断的幅度阈值、起始反应以及阻断前后的刺激阈值。
所有电极都能可靠地实现完全神经阻断，阻断刺激的起始反应相似。阻断的幅度阈值对于凯斯螺旋电极（4 ± 1 Vpp）和神经袖带电极（7 ± 3 Vpp）来说是最低的，而对于肌内电极（26 ± 10 Vpp）来说则较高。在测试过程中观察到刺激阈值略有升高和刺激诱发的尿道压力降低，但这种影响是暂时的，并且在电极之间没有变化。
多种临床电极似乎适用于使用周围神经电阻断的神经假体。根据易于植入或成本等次要标准选择电极的自由，应该可以促进电神经阻断向临床实践的转化。
