Regional Knowledge Hub, and WHO Collaborating Centre for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, , Kerman, Iran.
Sex Transm Infect. 2013 Nov;89 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):iii33-6. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051295. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
To estimate the prevalence of HIV and related risk behaviours among prisoners in Iran in 2009.
Using multistage random sampling, we recruited 5,530 prisoners from 27 prisons in Iran. Behavioural data were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire-based interview, and HIV status was determined by ELISA of dried blood spots. Weighted estimates were calculated based on the sampling probability and response rate.
HIV prevalence was 2.1% (95% CI 1.2 to 3.6). One in eight prisoners (12.3%, 95% CI 8.0% to 16.6%) had been tested for HIV in the last year and received results, 20.5% (95% CI 15.1 to 27.4%) had comprehensive knowledge about HIV and 24.7% (95% CI 17.9% to 32.9%) reported condom use at last vaginal/anal sex in prison. Although 16.5% (95% CI 12.5% to 21.5%) acknowledged a lifetime history of drug injection, only 22 prisoners reported drug injection inside the prison in the month preceding the interview. Of note, 12.9% (95% CI 10.6% to 15.6%) had been tattooed in prison. There were significant associations between HIV prevalence and a history of drug injection (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 7.8, 95% CI 4.7 to 13.2), tattooing (AOR: 2.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.2) and age over 30 years (AOR: 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.9).
Considerable HIV prevalence among prisoners is found in Iran. Expanding harm reduction programmes inside prisons with inclusion of sexual risk reduction programmes and post-release programmes will help directly prevent acquisition and transmission of infection inside prisons and indirectly slow onward transmission in the outside communities.
估计 2009 年伊朗囚犯中艾滋病毒感染率和相关风险行为。
采用多阶段随机抽样，我们从伊朗 27 所监狱中招募了 5530 名囚犯。使用面对面的问卷访谈收集行为数据，并通过 ELISA 检测干血斑确定 HIV 感染状况。基于抽样概率和应答率计算加权估计值。
HIV 感染率为 2.1%（95%CI1.2-3.6）。八分之一的囚犯（12.3%，95%CI8.0-16.6%）在过去一年中接受过 HIV 检测并获得了结果，20.5%（95%CI15.1-27.4%）对 HIV 有全面的认识，24.7%（95%CI17.9-32.9%）报告在监狱内最近一次阴道/肛门性交时使用了避孕套。尽管 16.5%（95%CI12.5-21.5%）承认有终生的药物注射史，但只有 22 名囚犯在接受访谈前一个月报告了在监狱内注射药物。值得注意的是，12.9%（95%CI10.6-15.6%）在监狱内纹身过。HIV 感染率与药物注射史（调整后的优势比（AOR）：7.8，95%CI4.7-13.2）、纹身（AOR：2.1，95%CI1.1-4.2）和年龄超过 30 岁（AOR：1.4，95%CI1.1-1.9）显著相关。
伊朗监狱囚犯中 HIV 感染率相当高。扩大监狱内的减少伤害计划，纳入性风险降低计划和出狱后计划，将有助于直接防止感染在监狱内的获得和传播，并间接地减缓社区外的传播。
