Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School-Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
BMC Med. 2013 Aug 30;11:192. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-192.
Alcoholic beverages are widely consumed. Depression, the most prevalent mental disorder worldwide, has been related to alcohol intake. We aimed to prospectively assess the association between alcohol intake and incident depression using repeated measurements of alcohol intake.
We followed-up 5,505 high-risk men and women (55 to 80 y) of the PREDIMED Trial for up to seven years. Participants were initially free of depression or a history of depression, and did not have any history of alcohol-related problems. A 137-item validated food frequency questionnaire administered by a dietician was repeated annually to assess alcohol intake. Participants were classified as incident cases of depression when they reported a new clinical diagnosis of depression, and/or initiated the use of antidepressant drugs. Cox regression analyses were fitted over 23,655 person-years.
Moderate alcohol intake within the range of 5 to 15 g/day was significantly associated with lower risk of incident depression (hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.72 (0.53 to 0.98) versus abstainers). Specifically, wine consumption in the range of two to seven drinks/week was significantly associated with lower rates of depression (HR (95% CI) = 0.68 (0.47 to 0.98)).
Moderate consumption of wine may reduce the incidence of depression, while heavy drinkers seem to be at higher risk.
酒精饮料广泛消费。抑郁症是全球最常见的精神障碍，与饮酒有关。我们旨在通过反复测量饮酒量来前瞻性评估饮酒与新发抑郁症之间的关系。
我们对 PREDIMED 试验中的 5505 名高危男性和女性（55 至 80 岁）进行了随访，最长随访时间为 7 年。参与者最初没有抑郁症或抑郁症病史，也没有任何与酒精相关问题的病史。营养师每年进行一次的 137 项验证后的食物频率问卷，以评估酒精摄入量。当参与者报告新的临床抑郁症诊断或/和开始使用抗抑郁药物时，将其归类为新发抑郁症病例。通过 Cox 回归分析，共随访了 23655 人年。
每天 5 至 15 克的适量饮酒与新发抑郁症的风险降低显著相关（风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）=0.72（0.53 至 0.98）与不饮酒者相比）。具体而言，每周饮用 2 至 7 杯葡萄酒与较低的抑郁症发生率显著相关（HR（95%CI）=0.68（0.47 至 0.98））。
适量饮用葡萄酒可能会降低抑郁症的发病率，而重度饮酒者似乎风险更高。
