Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2013;63(1-2):145-51. doi: 10.1159/000354431. Epub 2013 Aug 24.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The dietary intake in infancy can affect growth and the risk of childhood overweight. The aim of this study was to compare the nutrient intake in infancy and the body mass index (BMI) at age 6 years in two population-based cohorts recruited before and after the revision of infant dietary recommendations.
Two randomly selected population-based cohorts were recruited at birth and studied until 12 months of age and again at 6 years of age. Subjects were 90 and 170 children born in 1995-1996 and 2005, respectively. The dietary intake at 9 and 12 months was assessed via weighed food records. The height and weight from birth to age 12 months and at age 6 years were measured.
The contribution of protein to the total energy intake (E%) was significantly lower in the 2005 cohort than in the 1995-1996 cohort [11.9 vs. 14.4 E% (p < 0.001) at 9 months and 14.6 vs. 15.6 E% (p = 0.016) at 12 months]. Relatively fewer children were classified as being overweight (including obese) in the 2005 cohort, i.e. 12 versus 21% (p = 0.045).
The emphasis placed on the revised infant dietary recommendations resulted in a lower protein intake in the latter half of the first year. Changes in the infants' diets on the population level might have contributed to the lower overweight prevalence seen in the 2005 cohort.
背景/目的：婴儿期的饮食摄入会影响生长和儿童超重的风险。本研究的目的是比较婴儿期的营养素摄入量和 6 岁时的体重指数（BMI），这是在修订婴儿饮食建议前后招募的两个基于人群的队列的结果。
在出生时随机选择了两个基于人群的队列，并在 12 个月大时和 6 岁时进行了研究。研究对象分别为 1995-1996 年和 2005 年出生的 90 名和 170 名儿童。9 个月和 12 个月时通过称重食物记录评估饮食摄入量。从出生到 12 个月和 6 岁时测量身高和体重。
2005 队列中蛋白质占总能量摄入（E%）的比例明显低于 1995-1996 队列[9 个月时为 11.9%对 14.4%（p < 0.001），12 个月时为 14.6%对 15.6%（p = 0.016）]。2005 队列中超重（包括肥胖）的儿童比例相对较低，即 12%对 21%（p = 0.045）。
对修订后的婴儿饮食建议的重视导致婴儿期后半年蛋白质摄入量降低。人群中婴儿饮食的变化可能导致 2005 队列中超重患病率降低。
