University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Aug 16;111(7):078701. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.078701. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
Controlling self-organizing systems is challenging because the system responds to the controller. Here, we develop a model that captures the essential self-organizing mechanisms of Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld (BTW) sandpiles on networks, a self-organized critical (SOC) system. This model enables studying a simple control scheme that determines the frequency of cascades and that shapes systemic risk. We show that optimal strategies exist for generic cost functions and that controlling a subcritical system may drive it to criticality. This approach could enable controlling other self-organizing systems.
控制自组织系统具有挑战性，因为系统会对控制器做出响应。在这里，我们开发了一个模型，该模型捕捉了 Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld（BTW）沙堆在网络上的基本自组织机制，即自组织临界（SOC）系统。该模型可用于研究一种简单的控制方案，该方案确定级联的频率并塑造系统风险。我们表明，对于通用成本函数存在最优策略，并且控制亚临界系统可能会使其达到临界状态。这种方法可以控制其他自组织系统。
