Mechanical Engineering Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, U.S.A.
Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2014 Jan;30(1):69-82. doi: 10.1002/cnm.2590. Epub 2013 Aug 29.
In this paper, a computational modeling for biomechanical analysis of primary blast injuries is presented. The responses of the brain in terms of mechanical parameters under different blast spaces including open, semi-confined, and confined environments are studied. In the study, the effect of direct and indirect blast waves from the neighboring walls in the confined environments will be taken into consideration. A 50th percentile finite element head model is exposed to blast waves of different intensities. In the open space, the head experiences a sudden intracranial pressure (ICP) change, which vanishes in a matter of a few milliseconds. The situation is similar in semi-confined space, but in the confined space, the reflections from the walls will create a number of subsequent peaks in ICP with a longer duration. The analysis procedure is based on a simultaneous interaction simulation of the deformable head and its components with the blast wave propagations. It is concluded that compared with the open and semi-confined space settings, the walls in the confined space scenario enhance the risk of primary blast injuries considerably because of indirect blast waves transferring a larger amount of damaging energy to the head.
本文提出了一种用于原发性爆炸伤生物力学分析的计算模型。研究了在不同爆炸空间（包括开放、半封闭和封闭环境）下，大脑在机械参数方面的反应。在研究中，将考虑封闭环境中来自相邻墙壁的直接和间接爆炸波的影响。一个 50 百分位的有限元头部模型会暴露在不同强度的爆炸波下。在开放空间中，头部会经历突然的颅内压（ICP）变化，在几毫秒内消失。半封闭空间中的情况类似，但在封闭空间中，墙壁的反射会在 ICP 中产生多个后续峰值，持续时间更长。分析过程基于可变形头部及其组件与爆炸波传播的同时相互作用模拟。结论是，与开放和半封闭空间设置相比，由于间接爆炸波将更多的破坏性能量传递到头部，封闭空间场景中的墙壁大大增加了原发性爆炸伤的风险。
