Lee Hye-Min, Bak Won-Chull, Lee Bong-Hun, Park Hyun, Ka Kang-Hyeon
Division of Wood Chemistry and Microbiology, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul 130-712, Korea.
Mycobiology. 2008 Dec;36(4):270-3. doi: 10.4489/MYCO.2008.36.4.270. Epub 2008 Dec 31.
Trichoderma spp. cause large crop losses of the cultivated shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes. We bred several shiitake strains that are resistant to Trichoderma spp. using di-mon mating to establish a useful method for controlling the greenmold disease. We examined the competitive ability of L. edodes against Trichoderma spp. using a dual culture system to select resistant strains. By screening Trichoderma-resistant strains, we found that among 11 parental strains, 4 strains, including KFRI 36, were confirmed resistant strains. They showed especially strong resistance to T. harzianum, which formed deadlock after mycelial contact and then invaded into the territory of T. harzianum. KFRI 171 also showed resistance to T. atroviride strains. Among 13 strains, which were made by hybridization of shiitake strains, 5 were confirmed to be resistant to Trichoderma, including KFRI 58-1. Their resistance was not correlated to the resistant activity of their parents' strains. Two strains lose resistance and two strains acquire resistance compared to their parents' strains. In SEM observation, the mycelium of L. edodes at the interaction zone of Lentinula-Trichoderma was rugged and swollen by T. harzianum.
木霉菌种会给栽培香菇（Lentinula edodes）造成巨大的作物损失。我们利用双单杂交培育了几种对木霉菌种具有抗性的香菇菌株，以建立一种控制绿霉病的有效方法。我们使用双培养系统检测了香菇对木霉菌种的竞争能力，以筛选抗性菌株。通过筛选抗木霉菌株，我们发现，在11个亲本菌株中，包括KFRI 36在内的4个菌株被确认为抗性菌株。它们对哈茨木霉表现出特别强的抗性，在菌丝体接触后形成僵持局面，然后侵入哈茨木霉的领地。KFRI 171对绿色木霉菌株也表现出抗性。在通过香菇菌株杂交获得的13个菌株中，包括KFRI 58-1在内的5个菌株被确认为对木霉菌具有抗性。它们的抗性与亲本菌株的抗性活性无关。与亲本菌株相比，有两个菌株失去抗性，两个菌株获得抗性。在扫描电子显微镜观察中，香菇与木霉菌相互作用区域的香菇菌丝体被哈茨木霉弄得粗糙且肿胀。
