Phytopathology. 1999 Apr;89(4):308-13. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.4.308.
ABSTRACT A polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA containing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1, 5.8S, and ITS-2 regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA transcriptional unit was sequenced for 81 isolates of Trichoderma spp. associated with mushroom culture or used for biological control of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the biocontrol isolates were more closely related to an isolate of T. harzianum biotype 1 (Th1) than to the aggressive biotypes 2 and 4. Th1 has been isolated from mushroom compost but is not the cause of widespread green mold epidemics that have occurred during the last 12 years in Europe and North America. Three isolates of T. harzianum obtained from shiitake (Lentinula edodes; Shi1B and S3-96) and maitake (Grifola frondosa; Mai1) substrates were placed within the biocontrol group. We also found evidence suggesting that some isolates of T. harzianum originally identified as Th4 from Pennsylvania are more closely related to Th2 from Europe. Finally, considering the wide range in sequence distribution of our samples, we propose that the consensus sequence found in this investigation be used as the reference sequence for further studies involving the identification and taxonomy of T. harzianum.
摘要 对与蘑菇栽培有关或用于生物防治植物病原菌的 81 株哈茨木霉（Trichoderma spp.）分离物进行了核核糖体 DNA 转录单位的内部转录间隔区（ITS）-1、5.8S 和 ITS-2 区的聚合酶链反应扩增 DNA 测序。系统发育分析表明，生物防治分离物与哈茨木霉生物型 1（Th1）的一个分离物的亲缘关系更为密切，而与侵袭性生物型 2 和 4 的亲缘关系则较疏远。Th1 已从蘑菇堆肥中分离出来，但并不是过去 12 年来在欧洲和北美发生的广泛绿霉病流行的原因。从香菇（Lentinula edodes；Shi1B 和 S3-96）和舞茸（Grifola frondosa；Mai1）基质中获得的 3 株哈茨木霉分离物被归入生物防治组。我们还发现了一些证据表明，最初从宾夕法尼亚州鉴定为 Th4 的哈茨木霉分离物与欧洲的 Th2 更为密切相关。最后，考虑到我们的样本序列分布范围很广，我们建议在涉及哈茨木霉鉴定和分类的进一步研究中使用本研究中发现的共识序列作为参考序列。
