Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg, Germany,
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014 Jun;23(6):417-23. doi: 10.1007/s00787-013-0468-9. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
The prevalence rates of elimination disorders and anxious/depressed symptoms of a representative sample of young children and their associations were assessed. 2,079 children in a defined geographical area were examined at school-entry. A parental questionnaire with 4 questions referring to symptoms of incontinence and 14 items of the anxious/depressed scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was administered. 9.5 % of 6-year-old children wet at night, 2.7 % wet during day and 1.2 % had faecal incontinence. Significantly more boys wet at night (11.7 %) than girls (7.2 %; OR 0.58, 95 % CI 0.43-0.78). 12.7 % had clinically relevant anxious/depressed symptoms. Children with at least one elimination disorder had significantly higher T values of the 'anxious/depressed' CBCL than continent controls. Children with faecal incontinence had highest T values of the 'anxious/depressed' CBCL syndrome scale, significantly higher than those of children with other elimination disorders and controls. Elimination disorders, as well as anxious/depressed symptoms are common at a young age. Boys are more affected by elimination disorders than girls, but not by anxious/depressed symptoms. Children with faecal incontinence have the highest rate of anxious/depressed symptoms.
本研究评估了代表性的幼儿样本中消除障碍和焦虑/抑郁症状的流行率及其相关性。在入学时，对一个特定地理区域内的 2079 名儿童进行了检查。使用一份包含 4 个关于大小便失禁症状的问题和儿童行为检查表（CBCL）的 14 个焦虑/抑郁项目的家长问卷进行评估。9.5%的 6 岁儿童夜间遗尿，2.7%日间遗尿，1.2%有粪便失禁。夜间遗尿的男孩明显多于女孩（11.7%比 7.2%；OR 0.58，95%CI 0.43-0.78）。12.7%的儿童有临床相关的焦虑/抑郁症状。至少有一种消除障碍的儿童的“焦虑/抑郁”CBCL 的 T 值明显高于无失禁的对照组。粪便失禁的儿童的“焦虑/抑郁”CBCL 综合征量表的 T 值最高，明显高于其他消除障碍和对照组的儿童。消除障碍和焦虑/抑郁症状在幼儿中很常见。男孩比女孩更容易受到消除障碍的影响，但不受焦虑/抑郁症状的影响。粪便失禁的儿童焦虑/抑郁症状的发生率最高。
