Laboratory of Technical Sciences for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science for Health University of Milan, Milan, Italy -
G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Oct;148(5):505-14.
In the last decades the prevalence of allergic diseases and eczema raised significantly, and today they are the most common chronic pathologies affecting children. It has been shown that a functional intestinal mucosa provides a defensive barrier to the host against potential dangerous antigens, regulating the tolerance to them. Some inflammatory diseases of the gut weaken the barrier causing an increase in the mucosa permeability and in antigenic transition. As a consequence, there is an aberrant immune response and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines further compromises the barrier functionality. It has been demonstrated that a correlation between allergy and eczema onset and the intestinal microflora composition exists, and in particular, it has been showed that some microorganisms are able to influence the immune response. For these reasons it has been hypothesized that probiotics may have a beneficial role in preventing and treating allergies and eczema. However, the benefits of this treatment depend on many factors, such as the bacterial strain, the duration of administration, the pathology, the patient characteristics (age, diet, allergy predisposition). The aim of this work was to review the present knowledge about the use of probiotics in allergic diseases and eczema, highlighting their role in the aforementioned pathologies.
在过去的几十年里，过敏疾病和湿疹的患病率显著上升，如今它们是影响儿童的最常见的慢性疾病。研究表明，功能性肠道黏膜为宿主提供了一道防御屏障，防止潜在的危险抗原，并调节对它们的耐受性。一些肠道的炎症性疾病会削弱屏障，导致黏膜通透性增加和抗原转移。结果，会出现异常的免疫反应，促炎细胞因子的释放进一步损害屏障功能。已经证明，过敏和湿疹的发生与肠道微生物群组成之间存在相关性，特别是已经表明某些微生物能够影响免疫反应。基于这些原因，人们假设益生菌可能在预防和治疗过敏和湿疹方面具有有益作用。然而，这种治疗的益处取决于许多因素，例如细菌菌株、给药时间、病理、患者特征（年龄、饮食、过敏倾向）。本研究旨在综述益生菌在过敏疾病和湿疹中的应用，强调其在上述疾病中的作用。
