Quinn P B, Cremin F M, O'Sullivan V R, Hewedi F M, Bond R J
Department of Nutrition, University College, Cork, Republic of Ireland.
Br J Nutr. 1990 Jul;64(1):233-43. doi: 10.1079/bjn19900025.
Two studies were conducted to investigate the possibility that pteroylmonoglutamic acid supplementation would alleviate teratogenesis in zinc-deficient rats. Pregnant rats of the Wistar strain were fed on Zn-deficient (less than 0.5 mg Zn/kg) or Zn-supplemented (75 or 95 mg Zn/kg) diets from mating until day 18.5 of gestation. The basal level of pteroylmonoglutamic acid added to all diets (0.56 mg/kg) was supplemented with 30-200 mg/kg in selected diets. Dietary Zn deprivation resulted in fetal resorption, fetal growth retardation and reduced concentrations of Zn in fetuses and maternal plasma and tibia. Low maternal body-weight at conception emerged as an important determinant of risk of resorption in Zn-deficient rats. Dietary Zn deficiency resulted in reduced maternal plasma folate concentrations and these values were inversely correlated with litter size or weight in Zn-deficient rats. Pteroylmonoglutamic acid supplementation increased maternal plasma folate concentrations, but did not reduce the high incidence of teratogenesis which occurred in Zn-deficient rats. Supplementation of Zn-deficient rats with pteroylmonoglutamic acid significantly increased the incidence of clubbed foot and tended to increase the incidence of brain or meningeal abnormalities, or both, and cleft palate, but did not reduce maternal or fetal Zn status. Pteroylmonoglutamic acid supplementation also increased the weights of Zn-supplemented control fetuses.
进行了两项研究，以调查补充蝶酰谷氨酸是否能减轻缺锌大鼠的致畸作用。从交配到妊娠第18.5天，给Wistar品系的怀孕大鼠喂食缺锌（锌含量低于0.5毫克/千克）或补充锌（75或95毫克/千克）的饲料。所有饲料中添加的蝶酰谷氨酸基础水平（0.56毫克/千克）在选定的饲料中额外补充30 - 200毫克/千克。饮食中锌缺乏导致胎儿吸收、胎儿生长迟缓以及胎儿、母体血浆和胫骨中锌浓度降低。受孕时母体体重低成为缺锌大鼠吸收风险的一个重要决定因素。饮食中锌缺乏导致母体血浆叶酸浓度降低，并且这些值与缺锌大鼠的窝仔数或体重呈负相关。补充蝶酰谷氨酸可提高母体血浆叶酸浓度，但并未降低缺锌大鼠中发生的高致畸率。给缺锌大鼠补充蝶酰谷氨酸显著增加了马蹄内翻足的发生率，并倾向于增加脑或脑膜异常（或两者兼有）以及腭裂的发生率，但并未降低母体或胎儿的锌状态。补充蝶酰谷氨酸还增加了补充锌的对照胎儿的体重。
