Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Placenta. 2013 Nov;34(11):983-9. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.08.007. Epub 2013 Sep 2.
Maternal obesity (MO) remains a serious obstetric problem with acute and chronic morbidities for both mothers and offspring. The mechanisms underlying these adverse consequences of MO remain unknown. Endocannabinoids (ECB) are neuromodulatory lipids released from adipocytes and other tissues. Metabolic crosstalk between placenta and adipocytes may mediate sequelae of MO. The goal of this study was to elucidate placental and systemic ECB in MO.
Placentas, sera, and subcutaneous fat were collected at Cesarean sections performed near term (0.9 G) in four non-obese (nOB) and four obese (OB) baboons (Papio spp.). Concentrations of anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) were measured by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. AEA and 2-AG pathways were characterized in placentas by Q-RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry.
Placental 2-AG levels were lower and maternal fat AEA levels were higher in OB (1254.1 ± 401.3 nmol/kg and 17.3 ± 4 nmol/kg) vs. nOB (3124.2 ± 557.3 nmol/kg and 3.1 ± 0.6 nmol/kg) animals. Concentrations of 2-AG correlated positively between maternal fat and placenta (r = 0.82, p = 0.013), but correlated negatively with maternal leptin concentrations (r = -0.72, p = 0.04 and r = -0.83, p = 0.01, respectively).
This is the first study to demonstrate differential ECB pathway regulation in maternal fat and placenta in MO. Differential regulation and function exist for AEA and 2-AG as the major ECB pathways in placenta.
母体肥胖（MO）仍然是一个严重的产科问题，对母亲和后代都有急性和慢性的病态。MO 不良后果的机制尚不清楚。内源性大麻素（ECB）是从脂肪细胞和其他组织释放的神经调节脂质。胎盘和脂肪细胞之间的代谢串扰可能介导 MO 的后果。本研究的目的是阐明 MO 中的胎盘和全身 ECB。
在接近足月（0.9 G）时通过剖宫产术收集四只非肥胖（nOB）和四只肥胖（OB）狒狒（Papio spp.）的胎盘、血清和皮下脂肪。通过液相色谱-串联质谱法测量花生四烯酸（AEA）和 2-花生四烯酰甘油（2-AG）的浓度。通过 Q-RT-PCR、Western blot 和免疫组织化学法在胎盘中对 AEA 和 2-AG 途径进行了特征描述。
OB（1254.1±401.3 nmol/kg 和 17.3±4 nmol/kg）与 nOB（3124.2±557.3 nmol/kg 和 3.1±0.6 nmol/kg）动物相比，胎盘 2-AG 水平较低，母体脂肪 AEA 水平较高。母体脂肪和胎盘之间的 2-AG 浓度呈正相关（r = 0.82，p = 0.013），但与母体瘦素浓度呈负相关（r = -0.72，p = 0.04 和 r = -0.83，p = 0.01，分别）。
这是第一项研究表明 MO 中母体脂肪和胎盘的 ECB 途径调节存在差异。AEA 和 2-AG 作为胎盘的主要 ECB 途径存在差异调节和功能。
