Lock M
Department of Humanities and Social Studies in Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 1990 Jun;14(2):237-54. doi: 10.1007/BF00046663.
The creation of ethnically sensitive health care is a major federal and provincial government concern in Canada at present. The concept of multiculturalism is used to reinforce the notion of rights for minority groups and the Canadian mozaic is explicitly contrasted with the American melting pot. In this paper, the lives of Greek immigrant women in Montreal are used to illustrate how class and gender are as relevant to the immigrant experience as is ethnicity. It is shown how values which were central to female identify in Greece can become a liability after immigration and how the notion of Greek identity in Canada is a fluid category which is subject to repeated transformations. It is suggested that medical anthropologists who ignore the complexity of social categories and whose focus is limited to the cultural construction of illness and the expression of distress are in danger of reinforcing a notion of the "quaint ethnic," a stereotype to which the concept of multiculturalism is often reduced.
目前,在加拿大,创建对不同种族敏感的医疗保健是联邦和省级政府主要关注的问题。多元文化主义的概念被用来强化少数群体的权利观念,并且加拿大的马赛克模式与美国的熔炉模式形成了鲜明对比。在本文中,蒙特利尔的希腊移民妇女的生活被用来阐明阶级和性别与移民经历的相关性,就如同种族与移民经历的相关性一样。文中展示了在希腊对女性身份认同至关重要的价值观在移民后如何可能成为一种负担,以及在加拿大希腊身份认同的概念是一个流动的类别,会经历反复的转变。有人指出,忽视社会类别复杂性且关注点仅限于疾病的文化建构和痛苦表达的医学人类学家,有可能强化“奇特的种族”这一观念,而多元文化主义概念常常被简化为这样一种刻板印象。