O'Neale Ashley, Ellis Joseph, Creton Robbert, Colwill Ruth M
Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2014 Feb;108:145-54. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.08.016. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
Learning about a moving visual stimulus was examined in zebrafish larvae using an automated imaging system and a t1-t2 design. In three experiments, zebrafish larvae were exposed to one of two inputs at t1 (either a gray bouncing disk or an identical but stationary disk) followed by a common test at t2 (the gray bouncing disk). Using 7days post-fertilization (dpf) larvae and 12 stimulus exposures, Experiment 1 established that these different treatments produced differential responding to the moving disk during testing. Larvae familiar with the moving test stimulus were significantly less likely to be still in its presence than larvae that had been exposed to the identical but stationary stimulus. Experiment 2 confirmed this result in 7dpf larvae and extended the finding to 5 and 6dpf larvae. Experiment 3 found differential responding to the moving test stimulus with 4 or 8 stimulus exposures but not with just one exposure in 7dpf larvae. These results provide evidence for learning in very young zebrafish larvae. The merits and challenges of the t1-t2 framework to study learning are discussed.
利用自动成像系统和t1-t2设计,对斑马鱼幼体学习移动视觉刺激的情况进行了研究。在三个实验中,斑马鱼幼体在t1时接触两种输入之一(灰色弹跳圆盘或相同但静止的圆盘),然后在t2时进行共同测试(灰色弹跳圆盘)。使用受精后7天(dpf)的幼体和12次刺激暴露,实验1确定这些不同处理在测试期间对移动圆盘产生了不同的反应。熟悉移动测试刺激的幼体在其出现时静止不动的可能性明显低于接触相同但静止刺激的幼体。实验2在7dpf幼体中证实了这一结果,并将这一发现扩展到5dpf和6dpf幼体。实验3发现,在7dpf幼体中,4次或8次刺激暴露对移动测试刺激有不同反应,但仅一次暴露则没有。这些结果为非常年幼的斑马鱼幼体的学习提供了证据。讨论了t1-t2框架在研究学习方面的优点和挑战。