Human Development and Family Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2013 Sep 10;13:821. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-821.
The present investigation expands upon prior studies by examining the relationship between health in late adolescence and the experience of physical/sexual and non-physical dating violence victimization, including dating violence types that are relevant to today's adolescents (e.g., harassment via email and text messaging). We examined the relationship between physical/sexual and non-physical dating violence victimization from age 13 to 19 and health in late adolescence/early adulthood.
The sample comprised 585 subjects (ages 18 to 21; mean age, 19.8, SD = 1.0) recruited from The Ohio State University who completed an online survey to assess: 1) current health (depression, disordered eating, binge drinking, smoking, and frequent sexual behavior); and 2) dating violence victimization from age 13 to 19 (retrospectively assessed using eight questions covering physical, sexual, and non-physical abuse, including technology-related abuse involving stalking/harassment via text messaging and email). Multivariable models compared health indicators in never-exposed subjects to those exposed to physical/sexual or non-physical dating violence only. The multivariable models were adjusted for age and other non-dating abuse victimization (bullying; punched, kicked, choked by a parent/guardian; touched in a sexual place, forced to touch someone sexually).
In adjusted analyses, compared to non-exposed females, females with physical/sexual dating violence victimization were at increased risk of smoking (prevalence ratio = 3.95); depressive symptoms (down/hopeless, PR = 2.00; lost interest, PR = 1.79); eating disorders (using diet aids, PR = 1.98; fasting, PR = 4.71; vomiting to lose weight, PR = 4.33); and frequent sexual behavior (5+ intercourse and oral sex partners, PR = 2.49, PR = 2.02; having anal sex, PR = 2.82). Compared to non-exposed females, females with non-physical dating violence only were at increased risk of smoking (PR = 3.61), depressive symptoms (down/hopeless, PR = 1.41; lost interest, PR = 1.36), eating disorders (fasting, PR = 3.37; vomiting, PR = 2.66), having 5+ intercourse partners (PR = 2.20), and having anal sex (PR = 2.18). For males, no health differences were observed for those experiencing physical/sexual dating violence compared to those who did not. Compared to non-exposed males, males with non-physical dating violence only were at increased risk of smoking (PR = 3.91) and disordered eating (fasting, using diet aids, vomiting, PR = 2.93).
For females, more pronounced adverse health was observed for those exposed to physical/sexual versus non-physical dating violence. For both females and males, non-physical dating violence victimization contributed to poor health.
本研究通过考察青少年晚期健康与身体/性和非身体约会暴力受害经历（包括与当今青少年相关的约会暴力类型，例如通过电子邮件和短信进行骚扰）之间的关系，扩展了先前的研究。我们考察了从 13 岁到 19 岁期间身体/性和非身体约会暴力受害与青少年晚期/成年早期健康之间的关系。
该样本包括 585 名（年龄 18 至 21 岁；平均年龄 19.8，标准差 1.0）受试者，他们来自俄亥俄州立大学，通过在线调查评估以下内容：1）当前健康状况（抑郁、饮食失调、 binge drinking、吸烟和频繁性行为）；2）从 13 岁到 19 岁的约会暴力受害情况（使用涵盖身体、性和非身体虐待的八个问题进行回顾性评估，包括涉及通过短信和电子邮件进行跟踪/骚扰的技术相关虐待）。多变量模型将从未暴露于身体/性或非身体约会暴力的受试者的健康指标与仅暴露于身体/性或非身体约会暴力的受试者进行比较。多变量模型调整了年龄和其他非约会虐待受害（欺凌；被父母/监护人拳打脚踢、掐脖子；在性部位被触摸、被迫与他人发生性关系）。
在调整分析中，与非暴露组女性相比，遭受身体/性约会暴力的女性更有可能吸烟（流行率比=3.95）；抑郁症状（沮丧/绝望，流行率比=2.00；失去兴趣，流行率比=1.79）；饮食失调（使用饮食辅助剂，流行率比=1.98；禁食，流行率比=4.71；呕吐减肥，流行率比=4.33）；频繁的性行为（5 次以上的性交和口交伴侣，流行率比=2.49，流行率比=2.02；肛交，流行率比=2.82）。与非暴露组女性相比，仅遭受非身体约会暴力的女性更有可能吸烟（流行率比=3.61），抑郁症状（沮丧/绝望，流行率比=1.41；失去兴趣，流行率比=1.36）；饮食失调（禁食，流行率比=3.37；呕吐，流行率比=2.66）；有 5 个以上的性交伴侣（流行率比=2.20）；有肛交（流行率比=2.18）。对于男性，与未经历过身体/性约会暴力的男性相比，经历过身体/性约会暴力的男性的健康差异并不明显。与非暴露组男性相比，仅遭受非身体约会暴力的男性更有可能吸烟（流行率比=3.91）和饮食失调（禁食、使用饮食辅助剂、呕吐，流行率比=2.93）。
对于女性，与非身体/性约会暴力相比，身体/性约会暴力对健康的不利影响更为明显。对于女性和男性来说，非身体约会暴力受害都导致了健康状况不佳。
