College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Curr Drug Metab. 2013 Oct;14(8):832-9. doi: 10.2174/138920021131400104.
Advancements in the design and synthesis of polymer-based nanoassemblies and nanoparticles, combined with achievements in nanotechnology and medicine, have resulted in remarkable applications of polymer nanosystems in the areas of nanomedicine and pharmaceutical sciences. However, a complete understanding of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) processes of such polymer nanosystems in living systems has not been achieved. The influences of the pharmacokinetic parameters of polymer nanomaterials on the ADME processes are reviewed in this article, with discussions of the absorption and transportation of polymer nanoparticles across biological barriers, the factors affecting the bodily distribution of polymer nanocarriers, the transformation of polymer nanomaterials in vivo, the elimination pathway of polymer nanoparticles from biological systems, and perspectives of future pharmacokinetics and safety investigations of polymer-based nanoassemblies. A full and better understanding of the pharmacokinetic parameters of polymer-based nanomaterials is of vital importance in developing polymer nanosystems with optimal pharmacokinetics and biological safety for applications in nanomedicine and the pharmaceutical industry.
聚合物基纳米组装体和纳米粒子的设计和合成的进步，结合纳米技术和医学方面的成就，使得聚合物纳米系统在纳米医学和药物科学领域得到了显著的应用。然而，对于此类聚合物纳米系统在活体内的吸收、分布、代谢和消除（ADME）过程，尚未有全面的了解。本文综述了聚合物纳米材料的药代动力学参数对 ADME 过程的影响，讨论了聚合物纳米颗粒穿过生物屏障的吸收和转运、影响聚合物纳米载体体内分布的因素、聚合物纳米材料在体内的转化、聚合物纳米颗粒从生物系统中消除的途径，以及对聚合物基纳米组装体未来药代动力学和安全性研究的展望。充分和更好地了解聚合物基纳米材料的药代动力学参数，对于开发具有最佳药代动力学和生物安全性的聚合物纳米系统，以应用于纳米医学和制药工业，具有至关重要的意义。
