University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2013 Dec 1;67(12):1047-53. doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-202850. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
Cognitive ability is negatively associated with functional somatic symptoms (FSS) in childhood. Lower childhood cognitive ability might also predict FSS and functional somatic syndromes in adulthood. However, it is unknown whether this association would be modified by subjective and objective measures of parental academic expectations.
14 068 participants from the 1958 British birth cohort, whose cognitive ability was assessed at 11 years. Outcomes were somatic symptoms at 23, 33 and 42 years. Self-reported irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and operationally defined CFS-like illness were measured at 42 years.
Lower cognitive ability at age 11 years was associated with somatic symptoms at ages 23, 33 and 42 years. Adjusting for sex, childhood internalising problems, previous somatic symptoms and concurrent psychological symptoms, childhood cognitive ability remained negatively associated with somatic symptoms at age 23 years (β=-0.060, 95% CI -0.081 to -0.039, p<0.01), 33 years (β = -0.031, 95% CI -0.050 to -0.011, p<0.01), but not with somatic symptoms at 42 years. Overall, we found no clear association between lower childhood cognitive ability and CFS/ME, CFS-like illness and IBS. Associations between cognitive ability and somatic symptoms at 23 years were moderated by low parental social class, but not by subjective indicators of parental academic expectations.
Lower childhood cognitive ability predicted somatic symptoms, but not CFS/ME, CFS-like illness and IBS in adulthood. While earlier research indicated an important role for high parental academic expectations in the development of early-life FSS, these expectations do not seem relevant for somatic symptoms or functional somatic syndromes in later adulthood.
认知能力与儿童时期的功能性躯体症状（FSS）呈负相关。较低的儿童认知能力也可能预测成年期的 FSS 和功能性躯体综合征。然而，目前尚不清楚这种关联是否会受到父母学业期望的主观和客观测量的影响。
来自 1958 年英国出生队列的 14068 名参与者，他们的认知能力在 11 岁时进行了评估。结果是在 23、33 和 42 岁时的躯体症状。在 42 岁时测量了自我报告的肠易激综合征（IBS）、慢性疲劳综合征/肌痛性脑脊髓炎（CFS/ME）和操作性定义的 CFS 样疾病。
11 岁时较低的认知能力与 23、33 和 42 岁时的躯体症状有关。在校正性别、儿童期内化问题、以前的躯体症状和同时存在的心理症状后，儿童期认知能力与 23 岁时的躯体症状仍呈负相关（β=-0.060，95%CI-0.081 至-0.039，p<0.01），33 岁（β=-0.031，95%CI-0.050 至-0.011，p<0.01），但与 42 岁时的躯体症状无关。总的来说，我们发现较低的儿童认知能力与 CFS/ME、CFS 样疾病和 IBS 之间没有明显的关联。认知能力与 23 岁时躯体症状之间的关联受到父母社会阶层较低的调节，但不受父母学业期望的主观指标的调节。
较低的儿童认知能力预测了成年后的躯体症状，但不能预测 CFS/ME、CFS 样疾病和 IBS。早期研究表明，父母较高的学业期望在儿童期 FSS 的发展中起着重要作用，但这些期望对于成年后期的躯体症状或功能性躯体综合征似乎并不相关。
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