Chang Xue-Lian, Xue Yu-Qin, Zhang An-Dong, Zhu Guo-Ding, Fang Qiang
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu 233030, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2013 Jun;25(3):263-7.
To understand the deltamethrin resistance level, GTS and P450 metabolic detoxification enzyme activities, and mutations in the para-type sodium channel gene that confers knockdown resistance (kdr) in Anopheles sinensis mosquitoes from malaria endemic areas along the Huaihe River in Anhui Province, China.
An. sinensis adult mosquitoes were collected in Lilou, Mohekou and Tuohu townships of Bengbu City, Anhui Province from August to September, 2011. The insecticide resistance bioassays were performed on adult mosquitoes by using the standard WHO susceptibility test with diagnostic concentrations of deltamethrin 0.05%, and the mosquito resistance status was classified based on the WHO resistance classification criteria. The metabolic detoxification enzyme activities were measured in randomly selected mosquitoes, and the IIS6 region of the para-type sodium channel gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced to detect mutations at the codon 1014.
The knockdown rates within 60 min exposure to deltamethrin test paper were 4.1%, 7.0% and 8.2%, and the mortality rates were 8.2%, 12.0% and 12.8% for mosquitoes collected from Lilou, Mohekou and Tuohu townships, respectively. These three populations were classified as highly resistant populations based on the WHO resistance classification criteria. The GST and P450 enzyme activities of the three populations were significantly higher than those of the susceptible laboratory population (P < 0.001). L1014C and L1014F mutations were detected, and the wild type homozygote kdr genotype was not found. These three populations exhibited a small but insignificant difference in kdr allele frequencies. No mutation was found in the laboratory susceptible mosquitos.
The An. sinensis mosquito populations from the regions along the Huaihe River in Anhui Province are strongly resistant to pyrethroid insecticides, and exhibit significantly higher metabolic detoxification enzyme activities than the laboratory susceptible population. The high frequency of kdr mutation is identified in the mosquito populations from the region along the Huaihe River in Anhui Province, China.
了解中国安徽省淮河沿岸疟疾流行区中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯的抗性水平、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）和细胞色素 P450 代谢解毒酶活性，以及赋予击倒抗性（kdr）的副型钠通道基因的突变情况。
2011 年 8 月至 9 月，在安徽省蚌埠市的楼李、磨河口和拓湖乡采集中华按蚊成蚊。采用标准的 WHO 敏感性试验，使用诊断浓度为 0.05%的溴氰菊酯对成蚊进行杀虫剂抗性生物测定，并根据 WHO 抗性分类标准对蚊虫的抗性状况进行分类。在随机选取的蚊虫中测定代谢解毒酶活性，通过 PCR 扩增副型钠通道基因的 IIS6 区域并进行测序，以检测第 1014 位密码子的突变。
接触溴氰菊酯试纸 60 分钟内的击倒率分别为 4.1%、7.0%和 8.2%，楼李、磨河口和拓湖乡采集的蚊虫死亡率分别为 8.2%、12.0%和 12.8%。根据 WHO 抗性分类标准，这三个种群被归类为高抗性种群。这三个种群的 GST 和 P450 酶活性显著高于实验室敏感种群（P < 0.001）。检测到 L1014C 和 L1014F 突变，未发现野生型纯合子 kdr 基因型。这三个种群的 kdr 等位基因频率存在微小但不显著的差异。在实验室敏感蚊虫中未发现突变。
中国安徽省淮河沿岸地区的中华按蚊种群对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂具有较强抗性，且代谢解毒酶活性显著高于实验室敏感种群。在中国安徽省淮河沿岸地区的蚊虫种群中鉴定出高频率的 kdr 突变。
