Canellas J V S, Araujo M M, Arce J P A
Department of Diagnostic Surgery, School of Dentistry, Estadual Paulista Univesity, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Indian J Dent Res. 2013 May-Jun;24(3):326-30. doi: 10.4103/0970-9290.117995.
The objective of this work is to present a new collaborative method for teaching administration of anesthetic block in dentistry, with three-dimensional anatomical models used to improve learning and thereby increase safety, reduce anxiety, and improve the performance of students during the administration of anesthesia in the patients.
Three-dimensional (3D) models of skulls were made that reproduced all innervations of the V th cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve), as well as some blood vessels, glands, and muscles of mastication. For teaching the local anesthetic techniques we prepared pictures and videos of the administration of anesthesia in the models , which were presented to 130 students in two universities in Brazil. With the help of the models the students could follow the path of the nerves to be anesthetized and identify the anatomical points of reference for the correct positioning of the needle in the tissues. After the presentation the students answered a questionnaire aiming to assess the effect of the 3D models on learning.
Eighty-eight percent of students rated the material as excellent, 12% as good, 0% as regular, and 0% as bad (unnecessary materials). After the presentation, 70% of the students felt confident about being able to achieve the nerve block in patients.
When exposed to an appropriate method, students recognized the importance of knowledge of anatomy for learning local anesthetic techniques. This method improved the quality of education and increased patient safety during the first injection.
本研究旨在提出一种新的协作式教学方法，用于牙科麻醉阻滞的教学，采用三维解剖模型来促进学习，从而提高安全性、减轻焦虑，并提升学生在为患者实施麻醉过程中的表现。
制作了颅骨的三维（3D）模型，该模型再现了第五对颅神经（三叉神经）的所有神经支配，以及一些血管、腺体和咀嚼肌。为了教授局部麻醉技术，我们准备了在模型上实施麻醉的图片和视频，并展示给巴西两所大学的130名学生。借助这些模型，学生可以追踪拟麻醉神经的走行，并确定在组织中正确进针的解剖学参考点。展示结束后，学生回答了一份旨在评估3D模型对学习效果影响的问卷。
88%的学生将这些材料评为优秀，12%评为良好，0%评为一般，0%评为差（认为材料无用）。展示结束后，70%的学生对能够在患者身上成功实施神经阻滞充满信心。
当接触到合适的教学方法时，学生认识到解剖学知识对学习局部麻醉技术的重要性。这种方法提高了教学质量，并在首次注射时提高了患者安全性。
