Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2013 Oct;56(10):933-6. doi: 10.1007/s11427-013-4552-7. Epub 2013 Sep 11.
DNA double-strand break (DSB) is the most deleterious form of DNA damage and poses great threat to genome stability. Eukaryotes have evolved complex mechanisms to repair DSBs through coordinated actions of protein sensors, transducers, and effectors. DSB-induced small RNAs (diRNAs) or Dicer/Drosha-dependent RNAs (DDRNAs) have been recently discovered in plants and vertebrates, adding an unsuspected RNA component into the DSB repair pathway. DiRNAs/DDRNAs control DNA damage response (DDR) activation by affecting DDR foci formation and cell cycle checkpoint enforcement and are required for efficient DSB repair. Here, we summarize the findings of diRNAs/DDRNAs and discuss the possible mechanisms through which they act to facilitate DSB repair.
DNA 双链断裂（DSB）是最具危害性的 DNA 损伤形式，对基因组稳定性构成巨大威胁。真核生物进化出了复杂的机制，通过蛋白传感器、转导子和效应子的协调作用来修复 DSB。最近在植物和脊椎动物中发现了 DSB 诱导的小 RNA（diRNAs）或 Dicer/Drosha 依赖性 RNA（DDRNAs），为 DSB 修复途径增加了一个意想不到的 RNA 成分。diRNAs/DDRNAs 通过影响 DDR 焦点形成和细胞周期检查点执行来控制 DNA 损伤反应（DDR）的激活，并且对于有效的 DSB 修复是必需的。在这里，我们总结了 diRNAs/DDRNAs 的研究结果，并讨论了它们促进 DSB 修复的可能机制。
