Abramson D J
Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences School of Medicine, Bethesda, Md.
South Med J. 1990 Sep;83(9):1005-8. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199009000-00006.
Breast self-examination is an important, well-established method of cancer detection. Some authors disagree as to its value and regard physical examination by a physician as superior. Many women, however, do not have an annual physical examination, and the majority (80%) discover their own breast cancer. Proponents find that monthly breast self-examination leads to earlier diagnosis and treatment, and to improved prognosis. Only one third of women are performing monthly breast self-examination, and most do so with inadequate technique and poor comprehension. They are unable to distinguish normal from abnormal findings, and corrective measures are necessary. Health professionals, the best source of patient instruction, should periodically recheck the patient's performance. The technique taught should be uniform and uncomplicated. A simple way to demonstrate common benign and malignant lesions is presented to improve the patient's understanding, skill, and confidence.
乳房自我检查是一种重要且成熟的癌症检测方法。一些作者对其价值存在分歧，认为医生的体格检查更为优越。然而，许多女性没有进行年度体格检查，而大多数（80%）乳腺癌患者是自己发现病情的。支持者认为，每月进行乳房自我检查能实现更早的诊断和治疗，并改善预后。只有三分之一的女性每月进行乳房自我检查，而且大多数人检查技术欠佳且理解不足。她们无法区分正常和异常表现，因此需要采取纠正措施。健康专业人员作为患者指导的最佳来源，应定期复查患者的操作情况。所教授的技术应统一且简单。本文介绍了一种展示常见良性和恶性病变的简单方法，以提高患者的理解、技能和信心。
