Worm K, Steentoft A, Christensen H
Københavns Universitet, Retskemisk Institut.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1990 Sep 3;152(36):2556-8.
The Institute of Forensic Chemistry, Copenhagen, receives approximately 29,000 blood samples annually for alcohol determination from drivers suspected of drinking and driving. The incidence of benzodiazepines were estimated in the 877 alcohol-negative samples from six months (01.01-07.31 1983). Eight samples had to be excluded because of insufficient material. Screening for benzodiazepines was made by means of a radioreceptor-method. Quantification and identification of the benzodiazepines was performed by gas- and liquid-chromatography. 15% of the samples were found to be positive for benzodiazepines (13% positive for diazepam and desmethyldiazepam), while an earlier investigation of the same type of material, but including all blood samples, both alcohol-positive and negative showed only 5.8% of the samples positive for benzodiazepines (5.5% positive for diazepam). These findings are in agreement with the results of other investigations. 59% of the diazepam cases had a total concentration of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam higher than 1 mumol/kg. 69% were men and 31% were women. Most cases were found in the age group 20-30 years old. In only 22% of the cases, had the police required analyses for benzodiazepines. Due to the known difficulties in instituting proceedings against drivers influenced by drugs, it is feared, that the drug problem in connection with driving will be forgotten, all the while it is increasing steadily.
哥本哈根法医化学研究所每年大约接收29000份血液样本，用于对涉嫌酒后驾车的司机进行酒精含量测定。对1983年1月1日至7月31日这六个月期间的877份酒精检测呈阴性的样本中的苯二氮䓬类药物发生率进行了估算。由于样本材料不足，有8个样本被排除。通过放射受体法对苯二氮䓬类药物进行筛查。采用气相色谱法和液相色谱法对苯二氮䓬类药物进行定量和鉴定。结果发现，15%的样本苯二氮䓬类药物呈阳性（13%地西泮和去甲基地西泮呈阳性），而对同一类型材料（但包括所有血液样本，无论酒精检测呈阳性还是阴性）的早期调查显示，只有5.8%的样本苯二氮䓬类药物呈阳性（5.5%地西泮呈阳性）。这些发现与其他调查结果一致。59%的地西泮病例中，地西泮和去甲基地西泮的总浓度高于1微摩尔/千克。69%为男性，31%为女性。大多数病例出现在20至30岁年龄组。只有22%的病例，警方要求对苯二氮䓬类药物进行分析。由于在对受药物影响的司机提起诉讼方面存在已知的困难，人们担心与驾驶有关的药物问题会被忽视，而此时它却在稳步增加。
