Sadou Hassimi, Seyfoulaye Amina, Malam Alma Mousbahou, Daouda Hamani
Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger.
Matern Child Nutr. 2014 Oct;10(4):650-6. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12089. Epub 2013 Sep 13.
Universal dietary salt iodisation (UDSI) programme was implemented in Niger in 1996. However, since 2000, there has been a slowdown in progress against iodine deficiency. The aim of our study was to assess the iodine status among pregnant women in a context where national controls are not effective at ensuring universal availability of adequately iodised salt. This is mainly to assess the impact of the slowdown in the fight against iodine deficiency in this vulnerable group. The study was centred on 240 healthy pregnant women volunteers recruited in three districts primary health centres. A control group of 60 non-pregnant, non-lactating healthy women was also studied and compared. Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of all pregnant women was 119 μg L(-1) , and 61.67% had UIC below 150 μg L(-1) . Median UIC for the first, second and third trimester were 144, 108 and 92 μg L(-1) , respectively. The percentage of pregnant women with UIC below 150 μg L(-1) increased from 52% in the first trimester to 66% in the third trimester. The median UIC of the control group was 166 μg L(-1) , and 28.33% had UIC below 100 μg L(-1) . No significant relationship was found between nutritional iodine status and provenance, age and parity. However, significant relationship was found between iodine status and stage of pregnancy, gestational age and educational level (P < 0.05). Iodine nutrition status thus observed was inadequate in 61.67% of all the pregnant women. It is therefore urgent to revitalise implementation of the UDSI programme, and in the short term to consider iodine supplementation for pregnant women.
1996年，尼日尔实施了全民食盐碘化（UDSI）计划。然而，自2000年以来，在防治碘缺乏方面的进展有所放缓。我们研究的目的是在国家管控无法有效确保普遍供应加碘充足食盐的情况下，评估孕妇的碘营养状况。这主要是为了评估在这个弱势群体中，碘缺乏防治工作放缓所带来的影响。该研究以在三个地区初级卫生保健中心招募的240名健康孕妇志愿者为中心。还研究并比较了一个由60名非怀孕、非哺乳期健康女性组成的对照组。所有孕妇的尿碘中位数浓度（UIC）为119μg/L，61.67%的孕妇UIC低于150μg/L。妊娠第一、第二和第三个月的UIC中位数分别为144、108和92μg/L。UIC低于150μg/L的孕妇比例从妊娠第一个月时的52%增至第三个月时的66%。对照组的UIC中位数为166μg/L，28.33%的人UIC低于100μg/L。在碘营养状况与出生地、年龄和胎次之间未发现显著关系。然而，在碘营养状况与妊娠阶段、孕周和教育程度之间发现了显著关系（P<0.05）。因此，在所观察的所有孕妇中，有61.67%的孕妇碘营养状况不足。因此，迫切需要重振全民食盐碘化计划的实施，并在短期内考虑对孕妇进行碘补充。
