Hess Sonja Y, Ouédraogo Césaire T, Young Rebecca R, Bamba Ibrahim F, Stinca Sara, Zimmermann Michael B, Wessells K Ryan
1Program in International and Community Nutrition,Department of Nutrition,University of California,Davis,One Shields Avenue,Davis,CA 95616,USA.
2Helen Keller International,Niamey,Niger.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 May;20(7):1154-1161. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016003232. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
To assess iodine status among pregnant women in rural Zinder, Niger and to compare their status with the iodine status of school-aged children from the same households.
Seventy-three villages in the catchment area of sixteen health centres were randomly selected to participate in the cross-sectional survey.
Salt iodization is mandatory in Niger, requiring 20-60 ppm iodine at the retail level.
A spot urine sample was collected from randomly selected pregnant women (n 662) and one school-aged child from the same household (n 373). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was assessed as an indicator of iodine status in both groups. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from venous blood samples of pregnant women and thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid-stimulating hormone and total thyroxine were measured. Iodine content of household salt samples (n 108) was assessed by titration.
Median iodine content of salt samples was 5·5 ppm (range 0-41 ppm), 98 % had an iodine content 40 µg/l.
In this region of Niger, most salt is inadequately iodized. UIC in pregnant women indicated iodine deficiency, whereas UIC of school-aged children indicated marginally adequate iodine status. Thus, estimating population iodine status based solely on monitoring of UIC among school-aged children may underestimate the risk of iodine deficiency in pregnant women.
评估尼日尔津德尔农村地区孕妇的碘营养状况，并将其与来自同一家庭的学龄儿童的碘营养状况进行比较。
从16个健康中心集水区的73个村庄中随机选取参与横断面调查。
尼日尔强制实行食盐碘化，要求零售层面碘含量为20 - 60 ppm。
随机选取孕妇（n = 662）和来自同一家庭的一名学龄儿童（n = 373）采集即时尿样。评估两组尿碘浓度（UIC）作为碘营养状况指标。从孕妇静脉血样本中采集干血斑（DBS），并检测甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）、促甲状腺激素和总甲状腺素。通过滴定法评估家庭食盐样本（n = 108）的碘含量。
食盐样本碘含量中位数为5.5 ppm（范围0 - 41 ppm），98%的碘含量低于最低要求（40 µg/l）。
在尼日尔的该地区，大多数食盐碘化不足。孕妇的尿碘浓度表明碘缺乏，而学龄儿童的尿碘浓度表明碘营养状况勉强充足。因此，仅基于学龄儿童尿碘浓度监测来估计人群碘营养状况可能会低估孕妇碘缺乏的风险。
