Zayakova Yolanda, Vajarov Ivailo, Stanev Anton, Nenkova Natalia, Hristov Hristo
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery - Military Hospital Varna, Military Medical Academy, Bulgaria.
Department of Internal Medicine - Military Hospital Varna, Military Medical Academy, Bulgaria.
Burns. 2014 Jun;40(4):683-8. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2013.08.016. Epub 2013 Sep 13.
The purpose of the study was to identify the basic epidemiological characteristics of burn patients in East Bulgaria, as well as to analyze trends in burns in the region over the last decade.
Retrospective data of burn patients treated at Military Hospital-Varna, in the period January 2002-December 2011, was reviewed and statistically interpreted in terms of patients and burn demographics; etiology; place of incidents; hospital stay and mortality. Trends were observed for the entire period and comparative analyses of patients' data were made between two periods: first - 2002-2006 and second 2007-2011.
A total of 2627 burn patients, median age 41 years (IQR 9-61) were admitted to our burn unit. For the entire period the most affected age groups were ≤ 4 years (21.6%) and ≥ 65 years (21.1%). Hospitalized patients increased in the second period (n = 1701) compared to the first one (n = 926), while the size of total burn surface area decreased (first period - 9.8% vs. second period - 10.6%). Scald (51%) and flame (23.8%) were the most frequent aetiological agents for both periods. Work related burns reduced in the second period (9.4% vs. 4.9%), while home burns (90.6 vs. 95.1%) increased. Hospital stay declined from 17 days (2002-2006) to 7 days (2007-2011), whereas mortality rate slightly increased (first period - 2.3% vs. second period - 3.6%).
Burns remain a significant health problem in Bulgaria. The future preventive actions should take into account the observed changes in burn demographics and target the most vulnerable groups.
本研究旨在确定保加利亚东部烧伤患者的基本流行病学特征，并分析该地区过去十年烧伤情况的趋势。
回顾了2002年1月至2011年12月期间在瓦尔纳军事医院接受治疗的烧伤患者的回顾性数据，并就患者和烧伤人口统计学、病因、事故发生地点、住院时间和死亡率进行了统计分析。观察了整个期间的趋势，并对两个时期（第一个时期为2002 - 2006年，第二个时期为2007 - 2011年）患者的数据进行了比较分析。
共有2627名烧伤患者入住我们的烧伤科，中位年龄为41岁（四分位间距为9 - 61岁）。在整个期间，受影响最严重的年龄组是≤4岁（21.6%）和≥65岁（21.1%）。与第一个时期（n = 926）相比，第二个时期住院患者增加（n = 1701），而烧伤总面积减小（第一个时期 - 9.8%对第二个时期 - 10.6%）。两个时期最常见的病因是烫伤（51%）和火焰烧伤（23.8%）。第二个时期与工作相关的烧伤减少（9.4%对4.9%），而家庭烧伤（90.6对95.1%）增加。住院时间从（2002 - 2006年的）17天降至（2007 - 2011年的）7天，而死亡率略有上升（第一个时期 - 2.3%对第二个时期 - 3.6%）。
烧伤在保加利亚仍然是一个重大的健康问题。未来的预防行动应考虑到观察到的烧伤人口统计学变化，并针对最脆弱群体。
