正畸患者牙齿数目异常的患病率。

Prevalence of teeth number anomalies in orthodontic patients.

作者信息

Trakinienė Giedrė, Ryliškytė Monika, Kiaušaitė Aurelija

机构信息

Clinic of Orthodontics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lukšos-Daumanto 6, LT-50106, Kaunas, Lithuania.

出版信息

Stomatologija. 2013;15(2):47-53.

PMID:24037302

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to determine if the prevalence of teeth number anomalies (TNA) is more frequent in orthodontic patients than in common population and what is TNA clinical manifestation.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The records of 824 orthodontic patients (average age 15.22 years) from Orthodontic Clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences were analyzed. The radiographs were analyzed by trained observer who followed a pre-established protocol: general observation of the teeth including third molar, followed by a systematic analysis of the erupted and unerupted teeth number in each quadrant. Descriptive statistics were performed for the study variables. A chi-square test was used to determine the difference in the prevalence of hypodontia between the genders. A value of P<0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS

The prevalence of hypodontia was 17.11 percent with no statistically significant difference between the genders (P>0.05). More frequently teeth were missing in the lower jaw: in the upper jaw - 10.3%, in the lower - 12.5% without statisticaly significant diference. Unilateral occurrence of dental agenesis was 1.5 times more common than bilateral occurrence. If more than one tooth was missing, usually other missing tooth was in the same group and in the same jaw. The upper and lower third molars were the most frequently missing teeth, followed by the mandibular second premolar. The prevalence of hyperdontia was 0.85 percent. Mesiodens was the most frequently found supernumerary tooth.

CONCLUSIONS

It was found, that 17.96% of orthodontic patients had teeth number anomalies. The upper and lower third molars were the most frequently missing teeth, followed by the mandibular second premolar. Hypodontia occurred more frequently than hyperdontia. Mesiodens was the most frequently found supernumerary tooth. The results confirm that TNA are more often found in orthodontic patients and these patients should be treated with multidisciplinary approach.

摘要

目的

本研究的目的是确定牙齿数目异常（TNA）在正畸患者中的患病率是否高于普通人群，以及TNA的临床表现是什么。

材料与方法

分析了立陶宛卫生科学大学正畸诊所824例正畸患者（平均年龄15.22岁）的记录。由经过培训的观察者按照预先制定的方案分析X光片：对牙齿进行全面观察，包括第三磨牙，然后系统分析每个象限中已萌出和未萌出的牙齿数量。对研究变量进行描述性统计。采用卡方检验确定性别之间牙缺失患病率的差异。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

牙缺失的患病率为17.11%，性别之间无统计学显著差异（P>0.05）。下颌牙齿缺失更为常见：上颌为10.3%，下颌为12.5%，无统计学显著差异。牙齿发育不全的单侧发生率是双侧发生率的1.5倍。如果有一颗以上牙齿缺失，通常其他缺失牙齿在同一组且在同一颌骨内。上下颌第三磨牙是最常缺失的牙齿，其次是下颌第二前磨牙。多生牙的患病率为0.85%。正中牙是最常见的多生牙。