Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
Bioresour Technol. 2013 Nov;148:574-85. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.124. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
This critical review discusses the potential use of agricultural waste based biosorbents (AWBs) for sequestering heavy metals in terms of their adsorption capacities, binding mechanisms, operating factors and pretreatment methods. The literature survey indicates that AWBs have shown equal or even greater adsorption capacities compared to conventional adsorbents. Thanks to modern molecular biotechnologies, the roles of functional groups in biosorption process are better understood. Of process factors, pH appears to be the most influential. In most cases, chemical pretreatments bring about an obvious improvement in metal uptake capacity. However, there are still several gaps, which require further investigation, such as (i) searching for novel, multi-function AWBs, (ii) developing cost-effective modification methods and (iii) assessing AWBs under multi-metal and real wastewater systems. Once these challenges are settled, the replacement of traditional adsorbents by AWBs in decontaminating heavy metals from wastewater can be expected in the future.
本评论性综述讨论了农业废弃物基生物吸附剂（AWBs）在吸附重金属方面的潜在用途，包括其吸附容量、结合机制、操作因素和预处理方法。文献调查表明，AWBs 的吸附容量与传统吸附剂相当，甚至更高。借助现代分子生物技术，人们对生物吸附过程中官能团的作用有了更好的理解。在诸多过程因素中，pH 值似乎是最具影响力的因素。在大多数情况下，化学预处理可显著提高金属的吸收能力。然而，仍有一些空白需要进一步研究，例如：（i）寻找新型多功能 AWBs；（ii）开发具有成本效益的改性方法；（iii）在多金属和实际废水系统中评估 AWBs。一旦这些挑战得到解决，AWBs 在未来有望替代传统吸附剂，用于从废水中去除重金属。
