Rojas O J, Liu Y, Stein H H
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
J Anim Sci. 2013 Nov;91(11):5326-35. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6324. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P and the concentration of DE and ME in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, and corn germ meal fed to growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 84 barrows (initial BW: 13.7±2.3 kg) were placed in metabolism cages and allotted to 14 diets with 6 replicate pigs per diet in a randomized complete block design. Seven diets were formulated to contain corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, DDGS, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, or corn germ meal as the sole source of P. Seven additional diets were similar to the initial 7 diets with the exception that 600 units of microbial phytase was included in each diet. The STTD of P was greater (P<0.05) in DDGS, corn gluten meal, and corn gluten feed than in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal, and the STTD of P was also greater (P<0.05) in bakery meal than in corn and hominy feed. Addition of phytase increased (P<0.05) the STTD of P in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal but not in corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, or DDGS. In Exp. 2, 56 barrows (initial BW: 14.6±2.2 kg) were placed in metabolism cages and allotted to 7 diets with 8 replicate pigs per diet in a randomized complete block design. A corn-based diet consisting of 97.5% corn and vitamins and minerals was formulated. Four additional diets were formulated by mixing corn and DDGS, corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, or corn germ meal, and 2 diets were based on hominy feed or bakery meal. The concentration of ME was 3,891, 3,675, 3,655, 3,694, 4,400, 3,169, and 3,150 kcal/kg DM in corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, DDGS, corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, and corn germ meal, respectively. The ME (DM basis) in corn was greater (P<0.05) than in hominy feed, bakery meal, corn gluten feed, and corn germ meal, but less (P<0.05) than in corn gluten meal, and the ME in hominy feed, bakery meal, and DDGS was greater (P<0.05) than in corn gluten feed and corn germ meal. In conclusion, DDGS, corn gluten meal, and corn gluten feed have a greater STTD of P than corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal, but phytase can be included in diets containing corn, hominy feed, bakery meal, and corn germ meal to improve P digestibility. The ME in corn gluten meal is greater than in bakery meal, corn, and other corn coproducts.
进行了两项试验，以测定玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料、干酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）、玉米蛋白粉、玉米麸质饲料和玉米胚芽粕中磷的标准全肠道消化率（STTD）以及消化能（DE）和代谢能（ME）的浓度，这些饲料被饲喂给生长猪。在试验1中，84头公猪（初始体重：13.7±2.3千克）被安置在代谢笼中，并按照随机完全区组设计分配到14种日粮中，每种日粮有6头重复猪。配制了7种日粮，分别以玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料、DDGS、玉米蛋白粉、玉米麸质饲料或玉米胚芽粕作为磷的唯一来源。另外7种日粮与最初的7种日粮相似，不同之处在于每种日粮中添加了600单位的微生物植酸酶。DDGS、玉米蛋白粉和玉米麸质饲料中磷的STTD高于玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料和玉米胚芽粕（P<0.05），面包房下脚料中磷的STTD也高于玉米和碎粒饲料（P<0.05）。添加植酸酶可提高（P<0.05）玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料和玉米胚芽粕中磷的STTD，但对玉米蛋白粉、玉米麸质饲料或DDGS中的磷STTD没有影响。在试验2中，56头公猪（初始体重：14.6±2.2千克）被安置在代谢笼中，并按照随机完全区组设计分配到7种日粮中，每种日粮有8头重复猪。配制了一种以玉米为基础的日粮，其中玉米占97.5%，并添加了维生素和矿物质。另外4种日粮通过将玉米与DDGS、玉米麸质饲料、玉米蛋白粉或玉米胚芽粕混合配制而成，2种日粮以碎粒饲料或面包房下脚料为基础。玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料、DDGS、玉米蛋白粉、玉米麸质饲料和玉米胚芽粕中ME的浓度分别为3891、3675、3655、3694、4400、3169和3150千卡/千克干物质。玉米中的ME（以干物质计）高于碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料、玉米麸质饲料和玉米胚芽粕（P<0.05），但低于玉米蛋白粉（P<0.05），碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料和DDGS中的ME高于玉米麸质饲料和玉米胚芽粕（P<0.05）。总之，DDGS、玉米蛋白粉和玉米麸质饲料中磷的STTD高于玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料和玉米胚芽粕，但在含有玉米、碎粒饲料、面包房下脚料和玉米胚芽粕的日粮中可添加植酸酶以提高磷的消化率。玉米蛋白粉中的ME高于面包房下脚料、玉米和其他玉米副产品。
