Catalano Sarah R
Marine Parasitology Laboratory, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences DX 650 418, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia,
Syst Parasitol. 2013 Oct;86(2):125-51. doi: 10.1007/s11230-013-9443-6. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
Five new species of dicyemid mesozoans in two genera are described from two Australian cuttlefish species, Sepia apama Gray (giant Australian cuttlefish) and S. novaehollandiae Hoyle (nova cuttlefish): Dicyema coffinense n. sp. from S. apama collected from Coffin Bay, South Australia (SA), Australia; D. koinonum n. sp. from S. apama and S. novaehollandiae collected from Gulf St Vincent (GSV) and Spencer Gulf (SG), SA, Australia; D. multimegalum n. sp. from S. apama collected from Cronulla and North Bondi, New South Wales, Australia; D. vincentense n. sp. from S. novaehollandiae collected from GSV, SA, Australia; and Dicyemennea spencerense n. sp. from S. novaehollandiae and S. apama collected from SG, SA, Australia. Totals of 51 S. apama and 27 S. novaehollandiae individuals were examined, of which all except for four S. apama were infected by at least one dicyemid species. Dicyemid parasites were also observed in host individuals that were held in tanks for 2-3 months prior to examination, including nematogen-exclusive infections, leading to questions about persistence of dicyemids after host death and the mechanism responsible for the switch between a nematogen phase and a rhombogen phase. Variations in host size, calotte shape and collection locality are explored as predictors of differences in observed composition of the parasite fauna. In particular, dicyemid parasite fauna varied with host collection locality. As these parasites are highly host-species specific, their use as biological tags to assess cephalopod population structure using a combined morphological and molecular approach is discussed. This study increases the number of dicyemid species described from Australian cephalopods from five to ten, and from 117 to 122 species described worldwide.
从两种澳大利亚乌贼物种——澳大利亚巨型乌贼（Sepia apama Gray）和新荷兰乌贼（S. novaehollandiae Hoyle）中描述了两个属的五种新的二胚虫中生动物：来自澳大利亚南澳大利亚州（SA）科芬湾采集的巨型乌贼的科芬二胚虫（Dicyema coffinense n. sp.）；来自澳大利亚南澳大利亚州圣文森特湾（GSV）和斯宾塞湾（SG）采集的巨型乌贼以及新荷兰乌贼的共通二胚虫（D. koinonum n. sp.）；来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州克罗纳拉和北邦迪采集的巨型乌贼的多巨型二胚虫（D. multimegalum n. sp.）；来自澳大利亚南澳大利亚州圣文森特湾采集的新荷兰乌贼的文森特二胚虫（D. vincentense n. sp.）；以及来自澳大利亚南澳大利亚州斯宾塞湾采集的新荷兰乌贼和巨型乌贼的斯宾塞二胚虫属（Dicyemennea spencerense n. sp.）。总共检查了51只巨型乌贼和27只新荷兰乌贼个体，其中除了4只巨型乌贼外，所有个体都感染了至少一种二胚虫物种。在检查前在水箱中饲养2 - 3个月的宿主个体中也观察到了二胚虫寄生虫，包括仅感染线虫幼虫阶段的情况，这引发了关于宿主死亡后二胚虫的持续性以及线虫幼虫阶段和菱形幼虫阶段之间转换机制的问题。探讨了宿主大小、头盖形状和采集地点的变化作为观察到的寄生虫群落组成差异的预测因素。特别是，二胚虫寄生虫群落随宿主采集地点而变化。由于这些寄生虫具有高度的宿主物种特异性，因此讨论了使用形态学和分子学相结合的方法将它们用作生物标签来评估头足类种群结构。这项研究将从澳大利亚头足类动物中描述的二胚虫物种数量从5种增加到10种，全球描述的物种数量从117种增加到122种。
