Wanapat Metha, Kang Sungchhang, Khejornsart Pichad, Pilajun Ruangyote, Wanapat Sadudee
Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand,
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2014 Jan;46(1):185-9. doi: 10.1007/s11250-013-0473-5. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of concentrate/milk yield ratios on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation efficiency, and milk production in dairy cows fed with a basal diet of whole crop rice silage (WCRS). Sixteen crossbred cows (75 % Holstein-Friesian (HF) and 25 % Thai cows) in mid-lactation were assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments corresponding to four concentrate/milk yield ratios (0, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (kg/kg)) were used. All cows were offered WCRS (with 1.5 % urea and 3 % molasses) ad libitum. Silage and concentrate were fed individually twice a day. Results revealed that dry matter intake (12.8-14.5 kg/day), nutrient digestibility (62.5-68.7 %), and rumen fermentation efficiency were not significantly affected by concentrate supplementation. Milk yield (10.2-11.5 kg/day) and milk composition were similar between cows fed with sole WCRS and those supplemented with concentrate mixture, although milk fat tended to increase in cows fed with sole WCRS. In conclusion, sole WCRS fed to dairy cows without concentrate supplementation resulted in similar feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and milk production as compared to those supplemented with concentrate in lactating dairy cows. These results suggest that in tropical areas where rice crop is surplus, WCRS could sustain reasonable levels of milk production among dairy cows with little or no concentrate supplementation provided that urea and molasses are included in the silage.
本试验的目的是评估在以全株水稻青贮料（WCRS）为基础日粮的奶牛中，精料/产奶量比例对采食量、养分消化率、瘤胃发酵效率和产奶性能的影响。选用16头处于泌乳中期的杂交奶牛（75%荷斯坦-弗里生牛（HF）和25%泰国本地牛），采用完全随机设计分为4组日粮处理。处理组对应4种精料/产奶量比例（0、1:1、1:2和1:3（kg/kg））。所有奶牛自由采食WCRS（添加1.5%尿素和3%糖蜜）。青贮料和精料每天分两次单独投喂。结果表明，补充精料对干物质采食量（12.8 - 14.5 kg/天）、养分消化率（62.5 - 68.7%）和瘤胃发酵效率无显著影响。仅饲喂WCRS的奶牛与补充精料混合料的奶牛产奶量（10.2 - 11.5 kg/天）和乳成分相似，不过仅饲喂WCRS的奶牛乳脂肪有增加趋势。总之，在泌乳奶牛中，不补充精料仅饲喂WCRS与补充精料相比，采食量、养分消化率、瘤胃发酵和产奶性能相似。这些结果表明，在水稻作物过剩的热带地区，如果青贮料中添加尿素和糖蜜，WCRS在很少或不补充精料的情况下能维持奶牛合理的产奶水平。
