Palade C, Ciurea Alexandru V, Nica D A, Savu R, Moisa Horatiu Alexandru
Department of Neurosurgical, Carol Davila University School of Medicine, The National Center for Excellency in Neurosurgery, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
Asian J Neurosurg. 2013 Apr;8(2):106-11. doi: 10.4103/1793-5482.116389.
Programmed cell death is crucial for the correct development of the organism and the clearance of harmful cells like tumor cells or autoreactive immune cells. Apoptosis is initiated by the activation of cell death receptors and in most cases it is associated with the activation of the cysteine proteases, which lead to apoptotic cell death. Cells shrink, chromatin clumps and forms a large, sharply demarcated, crescent-shaped or round mass; the nucleus condenses, apoptotic bodies are formed and eventually dead cells are engulfed by a neighboring cell or cleared by phagocytosis. The authors have summarized the most important data concerning apoptosis in subarachnoid hemorrhage that have been issued in the medical literature in the last 20 years.
程序性细胞死亡对于生物体的正常发育以及清除肿瘤细胞或自身反应性免疫细胞等有害细胞至关重要。细胞凋亡由细胞死亡受体的激活引发，在大多数情况下，它与半胱氨酸蛋白酶的激活相关，进而导致细胞凋亡性死亡。细胞会收缩，染色质聚集并形成一个大的、界限清晰的新月形或圆形团块；细胞核浓缩，形成凋亡小体，最终死亡细胞被邻近细胞吞噬或通过吞噬作用清除。作者总结了过去20年医学文献中发表的有关蛛网膜下腔出血中细胞凋亡的最重要数据。
