Minichiello Victor, Rahman Saifur, Hussain Rafat
The Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, School of Public Health & Human Biosciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Int J STD AIDS. 2013 Oct;24(10):759-68. doi: 10.1177/0956462413481526. Epub 2013 Aug 29.
Socioeconomic and health disadvantage is widespread within and across indigenous communities in the world, leading to differentials in morbidity and mortality between indigenous and non-indigenous populations. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV/AIDS, among indigenous populations are an emerging public health concern. The focus of this paper is on examining the STI epidemiology in indigenous communities in various parts of the world utilizing a range of data sources. Most of the STI research on global indigenous communities has concentrated on developed countries, neglecting more than half the world's indigenous people in the developing countries. This has resulted in major gaps in data at global level for STIs and HIV/AIDS among indigenous populations. Available data show that the prevalence of STIs is increasing among the indigenous communities and in several instances, the rates of these infections are higher than among non-indigenous populations. However, HIV still remains low when compared with the rates of other STIs. The paper argues that there is an urgent need to collect more comprehensive and reliable data at the global level across various indigenous communities. There is also an opportunity to reverse current trends in STIs through innovative, evidence-based and culturally appropriate targeted sexual health programmes.
社会经济和健康方面的不利状况在世界各地的原住民社区内部及之间普遍存在，导致原住民和非原住民人口在发病率和死亡率上存在差异。包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病在内的性传播感染在原住民人口中已成为一个新出现的公共卫生问题。本文的重点是利用一系列数据来源，研究世界各地原住民社区的性传播感染流行病学情况。全球原住民社区的大多数性传播感染研究都集中在发达国家，忽视了发展中国家超过一半的原住民人口。这导致全球层面原住民人口中性传播感染和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的数据存在重大缺口。现有数据表明，性传播感染在原住民社区中的患病率正在上升，在某些情况下，这些感染的发生率高于非原住民人口。然而，与其他性传播感染的发生率相比，艾滋病毒感染率仍然较低。本文认为，迫切需要在全球层面收集各个原住民社区更全面、可靠的数据。此外，还有机会通过创新的、基于证据且符合文化特点的针对性性健康项目扭转当前性传播感染的趋势。
