Santos G W
Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
Cancer. 1990 Feb 1;65(3 Suppl):786-91. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19900201)65:3+<786::aid-cncr2820651326>3.0.co;2-h.
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) after supralethal cytoreductive therapy in the acute leukemias, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and the lymphomas may be curative in 50% to 60% of patients. The donor may be a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched family member (allogeneic), an identical twin (syngeneic), or the patient (autologous). In general, the outcome is best in younger patients and those transplanted early in their disease (i.e., in the first remission for acute leukemia and in the chronic phase of the disease in CML). Solutions to the major problems of allogeneic BMT, such as graft-versus-host disease and viral infections, are being actively pursued. Syngeneic and autologous BMT avoids some of the above problems, but relapses appear to be greater. Despite this problem, a significant number of cures have been accomplished. Newer methods of purging autologous marrow and newer preparative regimens promise to reduce the problem of relapses.
在急性白血病、慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）和淋巴瘤患者中，进行超致死性细胞减灭治疗后实施骨髓移植（BMT），50%至60%的患者可能治愈。供体可以是人类白细胞抗原（HLA）匹配的家庭成员（同种异体）、同卵双胞胎（同基因）或患者自身（自体）。一般来说，年轻患者以及疾病早期接受移植的患者（即急性白血病首次缓解期和CML疾病慢性期）预后最佳。目前正在积极寻求解决同种异体BMT主要问题的方法，如移植物抗宿主病和病毒感染。同基因和自体BMT可避免上述一些问题，但复发率似乎更高。尽管存在这个问题，但仍有相当数量的患者被治愈。清除自体骨髓的新方法和新的预处理方案有望减少复发问题。
