Boulton Katie Alyce, Vogelnest Linda Jean, Vogelnest Larry
University of Sydney, Veterinary Teaching Hospital Camden, Mail Bag 4004, Narellan, New South Wales, Australia 2567.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2013 Sep;44(3):555-63. doi: 10.1638/2011-0273R2.1.
Limited published data are available on dermatophytosis in zoo macropods, despite anecdotal reports of disease occurrence and recurrent mob outbreaks. The aim of this questionnaire study was to analyze data from Australian and international zoos to evaluate estimated disease prevalence in zoos housing macropods, affected macropod species, causative organisms, predisposing factors, clinical presentations, diagnostics, treatments, and disease risk management. Two questionnaires (initial detailed and subsequent brief) were distributed via email to zoo veterinarians, with an estimated response rate of 23%. The overall estimated disease prevalence from responding zoos was 28%, with 73% of responding Australian zoos and 14% of responding non-Australian zoos reporting disease. The first cases of confirmed and suspected dermatophytosis in several macropod species and in association with Trichophyton verrucosum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. nodulare are reported, with young red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) appearing predisposed. Diagnosis was most commonly based on fungal culture or presumptively on typical clinical signs of minimally/nonpruritic alopecia, crusting, and scaling distributed most frequently on the tail, pinnae, and hind limbs. Both disease resolution without treatment and resolution after an average of 1 to 2 mo of treatment were reported.
尽管有关于疾病发生和反复群体爆发的传闻报道，但关于动物园有袋目动物皮肤癣菌病的已发表数据有限。这项问卷调查研究的目的是分析来自澳大利亚和国际动物园的数据，以评估饲养有袋目动物的动物园中估计的疾病患病率、受影响的有袋目物种、致病生物、诱发因素、临床表现、诊断方法、治疗方法以及疾病风险管理。两份问卷（初始详细问卷和后续简要问卷）通过电子邮件分发给动物园兽医，估计回复率为23%。回复问卷的动物园的总体估计疾病患病率为28%，73%的回复问卷的澳大利亚动物园和14%的回复问卷的非澳大利亚动物园报告了疾病。报告了几种有袋目物种中确诊和疑似皮肤癣菌病的首例病例，以及与疣状毛癣菌和结节状须癣毛癣菌相关的病例，幼年红袋鼠（赤大袋鼠）似乎易患此病。诊断最常见的依据是真菌培养，或者根据典型的临床症状推测诊断，即最少/无瘙痒性脱毛、结痂和脱屑，最常分布在尾巴、耳廓和后肢。报告了未经治疗疾病自行消退以及平均治疗1至2个月后消退的情况。
